Suveræn stat: Forskelle mellem versioner
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<ref>1 Lassa Oppenheim, International Law 66 (Sir Arnold D. McNair ed., 4:e udgave. 1928): ''"There exists perhaps no conception the meaning of which is more controversial than that of sovereignty. It is an indisputable fact that this conception, from the moment when it was introduced into political science until the present day, has never had a meaning which was universally agreed upon."''</ref>
Suverænitet har fået en anden betydning i og med, at princippet om selvbestemmelse og forbuddet mod trusler og magtanvendelse har udviklet sig som [[jus cogens]] - normer for moderne international ret. [[FN-pagten]], konventionen om staters rettigheder og forpligtelser og regionale internationale organisationers chartre giver udtryk for, at alle stater er juridisk ligeværdige og har de samme rettigheder og forpligtelser baseret på det faktum, at deres eksistens som personer i henhold til international lov.<Ref> {{webbref|title=Chapter IV Fundamental Rights and Duties of States|url=http://www.oas.org/dil/treaties_A-41_Charter_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.htm#ch4|værker=Charter of the Organization of American State|udgiver=Secretariat of The Organization of American States|udgivelsesdato=21 november 2010}}</ref> <ref>{{webbref|titel=Draft Declaration on Rights and Duties of States|url=http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/draft%20articles/2_1_1949.pdf|udgiver=UN Treaty Organization|udgivelsesdato=21 november 2010|år=1949|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514224535/http://untreaty.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/draft%20articles/2_1_1949.pdf|archivedteo=14 maj 2011}}</ref> Nationers ret til at bestemme sin egen politiske status og udøve permanent suverænitet inden for grænserne af deres territoriale [[jurisdiktion]]er er anerkendt af de fleste.<ref>{{webbref|. titel=General Assembly resolution 1803 (XVII) of 14 December 1962, "Permanent sovereignty over natural resources" |url=http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/resources.htm |udgiver=United Nations |udgivelsesdato=21 november 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110218220818/http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/resources.htm |archivedate=18 februar 2011 }}</ref><ref>Schwebel, Stephen M., The Story of the U.N.'s Declaration on Permanent Sovereignty over Natural Resources, 49 A.B.A. J. 463 (1963)</ref><ref>{{webbref|titel=International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |url=http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm |udgiver=United Nations |udgilvelsesdato=21 November 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705115024/http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm |archivedate= 5. juli 2008 }}</ref>
Vanligvis anvendes termerne "[[land]]", "nation" og "stat", som om de var synonyme, men der er nogle forskelle {{Kilde mangler|dato=marts 2019}}:
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* Chen, Ti-chiang. ''The International Law of Recognition, with Special Reference to Practice in Great Britain and the United States''. London, 1951.
* Crawford, James. ''The Creation of States in International Law''. Oxford University Press, 2005. {{ISBN|0-19-825402-4}}, ss. 15–24.
* [[Hersch Lauterpacht|Lauterpacht, Sir Hersch]]. ''Recognition in International Law''. Cambridge, U.K., 1947.
* Raič, D. ''Statehood and the Law of Self-determination''. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2002. {{ISBN|978-90-411-1890-5}}. s 29 (med reference til Oppenheim i International Law Vol. 1 1905 p110)
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