Birmingham: Forskelle mellem versioner

Birmingham er i dag domineret af [[servicesektor]]en.<ref name="nomisweb">{{cite web|url=http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/lmp/la/1946157186/report.aspx#tabjobs|title=Employee jobs (2012)|accessdate=29. marts 2014|work=Nomis – official labour market statistics|publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref> Byen er et stort international kommercielt centrum, og er rangeret som en gamma+ [[verdensby]] af [[Globalization and World Cities Research Network]];<ref name="TheWorld">{{cite web|url=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2016t.html|title=The World According to GaWC 2016|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Globalization and World Cities Research Network|accessdate=5. maj 2017}}</ref> og det er et vigtig sted for transport, handel, events og konferencer. Det er metropol-økonomi, og den næststørste i Storbritannien med et [[GDP]] på $121.1 mia. (2014),<ref name="brookingsgdp">{{cite web|url=http://www.brookings.edu/research/interactives/global-metro-monitor-3 |title=Global city GDP 2014 |publisher=Brookings Institution |accessdate=18. november 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6H7Jql2A9?url=http://www.brookings.edu/research/interactives/global-metro-monitor-3 |archivedate=4. juni 2013}}</ref> og byens seks universiteter gør den til det største uddannelsescentrum for [[videregående uddannelse]]r uden for London.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hesa.ac.uk/dox/dataTables/studentsAndQualifiers/download/institution0809.xls?v=1.0 |title=Table 0 – All students by institution, mode of study, level of study and domicile 2008/09 |accessdate=31. januar 2011 |publisher=Higher education Statistics Agency }}; {{cite web|url=http://www.centreforcities.org/assets/files/09-12-17%20Birmingham%20University%20Challenge.pdf |title=University Challenge: Growing the Knowledge Economy in Birmingham |accessdate=11. november 2013 |last=Aldred |first=Tom |year=2009 |format=PDF |location=London |publisher=Centre for Cities |page=12 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111215357/http://www.centreforcities.org/assets/files/09-12-17%20Birmingham%20University%20Challenge.pdf |archivedate=11. november 2013 |df= }}</ref> Birminghams store kulturinstitutioner – [[City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra]], [[Birmingham Royal Ballet]], [[Birmingham Repertory Theatre]], [[Library of Birmingham]] og [[Barber Institute of Fine Arts]] – nyder alle et internationalt ry,<ref>{{cite news|first=Fiona |last=Maddocks |title=Andris Nelsons, magician of Birmingham |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2010/jun/06/andris-nelsons-conductor-cbso-city-culture-2013?cat=music&type=article |work=The Observer |publisher=Guardian News and Media |date=6. juni 2010 |accessdate=31. januar 2011 |location=London }}; {{cite news|first=Debra |last=Craine |title=Birmingham Royal Ballet comes of age |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/stage/dance/article7036522.ece |work=The Times |publisher=Times Newspapers |date=23. februar 2010 |accessdate=31. januar 2011 }}; {{cite web|url=http://www.johansens.com/england/birmingham/the-barber-institute-of-fine-arts |title=The Barber Institute of Fine Arts |accessdate=31. januar 2011 |work=Johansens |publisher=Condé Nast |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110703140935/http://www.johansens.com/england/birmingham/the-barber-institute-of-fine-arts |archivedate=3. juli 2011 |df= }}</ref> og byen har en levende og indflydelsesrig græsrodsbevægelse inden for kunst, musik, litteratur og gastronomi.<ref>{{cite web|last=Price|first=Matt|year=2008|title=A Hitchhiker' s Guide to the Gallery – Where to see art in Birmingham and the West Midlands|location=London|publisher=Arts Co|url=http://www.arts-co.com/assets/pdfs/MattPrice.pdf|accessdate=11. november 2013}}; {{cite news|first=Alison|last=King|title=Forget Madchester, it's all about the B-Town scene|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/forget-madchester-its-all-about-the-btown-scene-8207631.html|work=The Independent|publisher=Independent News and Media|date=13. oktober 2012|accessdate=11. november 2013|location=London}}; {{Cite news|last=Segal|first=Francesca|title=Why Birmingham rules the literary roost|newspaper=The Observer|publication-place=London|publisher=Guardian News and Media|publicationdate=3. Augustaugust 2008|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2008/aug/03/bookerprize.history|accessdate=11. november 2013}}; {{cite news|first=Lobrano|last=Alexander|title=Birmingham, England – Could England's second city be first in food?|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/08/travel/45-places-to-go-in-2012.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|newspaper=New York Times|publisher=The New York Times Company|date=6. januar 2012|accessdate=31. december 2013}}</ref> Birmingham er den fjerde mest besøgte by blandt udenlandske gæster.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/ott/travel-trends/2014/rpt-travel-trends--2014.html#tab-Overseas-residents--visits-to-the-UK|title=Travel Trends, 2014|publisher=}}</ref>