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Linje 1: [[~~File~~Fil:DNA animation.gif\|thumb\|En model af en stump naturligt [[DNA]], der viser helixstrukturen]] '''Hachimoji DNA''' (fra japansk 八文字 hachimoji = otte bogstaver) er et syntetisk [[DNA]], der ud over de fire naturlige [[nukleinbase]]r i DNA (nemlig A, T, G og C) bruger yderligere fire syntetiske baser: P, Z, B og S. [[Den genetiske kode]] kan dermed fordobles til en “syntetisk” kode med otte bogstaver. Det nye syntetiske DNA har således fire forskellige basepar, to nye syntetiske basepar, PZ og BS, dannet af de nye syntetiske baser ud over de to normale par, AT og GC (se skemaerne). Forsøg med det nye syntetiske DNA har vist at det kan transkripteres til hachimojo RNA med en modificeret polymerase, hvorved der kunne produceres en type katalytisk RNA ([[ribozym]] eller aptamer). Fordelene ved en udviddet DNA-kode kunne omfatte lagring af stærkt komprimerede data, dvs. en forbedret genetisk kode, samt indsigt i livets generelle kemiske forudsætninger dvs. hvad man også kunne forvente af eventuelt [[udenjordisk liv]]. <ref name="SCI-20190222">{{cite journal \| vauthors = Hoshika S, Leal NA, Kim MJ, Kim MS, Karalkar NB, Kim HJ, Bates AM, Watkins NE, SantaLucia HA, Meyer AJ, DasGupta S, Piccirilli JA, Ellington AD, SantaLucia J, Georgiadis MM, Benner SA \| display-authors = 6 \| title = Hachimoji DNA and RNA: A genetic system with eight building blocks \| journal = Science \| volume = 363 \| issue = 6429 \| pages = 884–887 \| date = February 2019 \| pmid = 30792304 \| doi = 10.1126/science.aat0971 \| url = http://science.sciencemag.org/content/363/6429/884 \| subscription = yes }}</ref><ref name="EA-20190221">{{cite news \|author=American Association for the Advancement of Science \|title=Hachimoji – Expanding the genetic alphabet from four to eight \|url=https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/aaft-h-e021919.php \|date=21. ~~February~~februar 2019 \|work=EurekAlert!\|access-date=22. ~~February~~februar 2019}}</ref><ref name="PHY-20190221">{{cite news \|last1=Brown \|first1=Dwayne \|last2=Landau \|first2=Elizabeth \| name-list-format = vanc \|title=Research creates DNA-like molecule to aid search for alien life \|url=https://phys.org/news/2019-02-dna-like-molecule-aid-alien-life.html \|date=21. ~~February~~februar 2019 \|work=Phys.org\|access-date=22. ~~February~~februar 2019 }}</ref><ref name="PW-20190222">{{cite news \|last=Dumé \|first=Bello \| name-list-format = vanc \|title=Hachimoji DNA doubles the genetic code \|url=https://physicsworld.com/a/hachimoji-dna-doubles-the-genetic-code/ \|date=22. ~~February~~februar 2019 \|work=Physics World\|access-date=22. ~~February~~februar 2019 }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20190221">{{cite news \|last=Zimmer \|first=Carl \| name-list-format = vanc \|authorlink=Carl Zimmer \|title=DNA Gets a New — and Bigger — Genetic Alphabet - DNA is spelled out with four letters, or bases. Researchers have now built a system with eight. It may hold clues to the potential for life elsewhere in the universe and could also expand our capacity to store digital data on Earth. \|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/21/science/dna-hachimoji-genetic-alphabet.html \|date=21. ~~February~~februar 2019 \|work=[[The New York Times]] \|access-date=21. ~~February~~februar 2019 }}</ref> Linje 19: \| C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N<sub>5</sub>O \| {{mono\|1=C1=CN2C(=O)NC(=NC2=N1)N}} \| [[~~File~~Fil:5-aza-7-deazaguanine.svg\|frameless\|70px\|center]] \| [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.10205066.html 10205066] \| [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/135600909 135600909] Linje 28: \| C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O<sub>3</sub> \| {{mono\|1=C1=CC(=O)NC(=C1[N+](=O)[O-])N}} \| [[~~File~~Fil:6-Amino-5-nitropyridin-2-ol.png\|frameless\|50px\|center]] \| [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.9357814.html 9357814] \| [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/11182729 11182729] Linje 37: \| C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N<sub>5</sub>O \| {{mono\|1=C1=NC2=NC(=O)NC(=C2N1)N}} \| [[~~File~~Fil:Isoguanine vector.svg\|frameless\|50px\|center]] \| [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.69351.html 69351] \| [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/76900 76900] Linje 46: \| C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>5</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O \| {{mono\|1=C1=CN=C(NC1=O)N}} \| [[~~File~~Fil:Isocytosine.png\|frameless\|50px\|center]] \| [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.60309.html 60309] \| [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/66950 66950] Linje 55: \| C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>7</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O \| {{mono\|1=CN1C=CC(=NC1=O)N}} \| [[~~File~~Fil:1-Methylcytosine.svg\|frameless\|50px\|center]] \| [http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.71474.html 71474] \| [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/79143 79143] Linje 70: }} {{clear}} ~~== Henvisninger ==~~ [[Kategori:Biokemi]]

Hachimoji DNA: Forskelle mellem versioner