Det basale reproduktionstal: Forskelle mellem versioner
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Inc (diskussion | bidrag) m Inc flyttede siden Smittetrykket til Smittetryk: Jf. standard navngivning på Wikipedia |
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Linje 7:
Dette adskiller sig fra det effektive reproduktionstal <math>R</math>, der er antallet af mennesker, som infektionen spreder sig i den aktuelle befolkning (hvor nogle er vaccineret, nogle allerede er syge osv.).
== Værdier for kendte sygdomme ==
I tabellen er fremlagt estimerede <math>R_0</math> for forskellige sygdomme.<ref name="Smallpox">Unless noted ''R<sub>0</sub>'' values are from [https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/27929 History and Epidemiology of Global Smallpox Eradication] ({{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160510161824/http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/training/overview/pdf/eradicationhistory.pdf |date=2016-05-10 }}), a module of the training course "Smallpox: Disease, Prevention, and Intervention". The CDC and the [[World Health Organization]], 2001. Slide 17. This gives sources as "Modified from ''[[Epidemiologic Reviews|Epid Rev]]'' 1993;15: 265-302, ''[[American Journal of Preventive Medicine|Am J Prev Med]]'' 2001; 20 (4S): 88-153, ''[[Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report|MMWR]]'' 2000; 49 (SS-9); 27-38"</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
! Infektion !! Smittevej !! <math>R_0</math>
|-
| [[Mæslinger]] || [[Luftbåren infektion|Luftbåren]] || 12–18<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Guerra |first1=Fiona M. |last2=Bolotin |first2=Shelly |last3=Lim |first3=Gillian |last4=Heffernan |first4=Jane |last5=Deeks |first5=Shelley L. |last6=Li |first6=Ye |last7=Crowcroft |first7=Natasha S. |title=The basic reproduction number (R0) of measles: a systematic review |journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases |date=1 December 2017 |volume=17 |issue=12 |pages=e420–e428 |doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30307-9 |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(17)30307-9/fulltext |accessdate=18 March 2020 |language=English |issn=1473-3099}}</ref>
|-
| [[Skoldkopper]] (varicella) || Luftbåren || 10–12<ref>{{cite book |author1=Ireland's Health Services | title = Health Care Worker Information | url = https://www.hse.ie/eng/health/immunisation/hcpinfo/guidelines/chapter23.pdf | accessdate = 2020-03-27}}</ref>
|-
| [[Polio]] || [[Fekal–oralt]] || 5–7
|-
| [[Røde hunde]] || [[Dråbesmitte]] || 5–7
|-
| [[Fåresyge]] || Dråbesmitte || 4–7
|-
| [[Kighoste]] || Dråbesmitte || 5,5<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Kretzschmar M, Teunis PF, Pebody RG |title=Incidence and reproduction numbers of pertussis: estimates from serological and social contact data in five European countries. |journal=PLOS Med. |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=e1000291 |year=2010 |pmid=20585374 |doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.1000291 |pmc=2889930}}</ref>
|-
| [[Kopper]] || Dråbesmitte || 3,5–6<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gani |first1=Raymond |last2=Leach |first2=Steve |title=Transmission potential of smallpox in contemporary populations |journal=Nature |date=December 2001 |volume=414 |issue=6865 |pages=748–751 |doi=10.1038/414748a |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/414748a |accessdate=18 March 2020 |language=en |issn=1476-4687}}</ref>
|-
| [[HIV/AIDS]] || [[Kropsvæske]]r || 2–5
|-
| [[SARS]] || Dråbesmitte || 2–5<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Wallinga J, Teunis P |title=Different epidemic curves for severe acute respiratory syndrome reveal similar impacts of control measures |url=http://171.66.121.65/cgi/content/full/160/6/509 |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=160 |issue=6 |pages=509–16 |year=2004 |pmid=15353409 |doi=10.1093/aje/kwh255 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071006080939/http://171.66.121.65/cgi/content/full/160/6/509 |archivedate=2007-10-06 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Forkølelse]] || Dråbesmitte || 2–3<ref name="Telegraph Ebola">{{cite web |title=Magic formula that will determine whether Ebola is beaten |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/ebola/11213280/Magic-formula-that-will-determine-whether-Ebola-is-beaten.html |website=The Telegraph |publisher=Telegraph.Co.Uk |accessdate=30 March 2020}}</ref>
|-
| [[Difteri]] || [[Spyt]] || 1,7–4,3<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Truelove |first1=Shaun A. |last2=Keegan |first2=Lindsay T. |last3=Moss |first3=William J. |last4=Chaisson |first4=Lelia H. |last5=Macher |first5=Emilie |last6=Azman |first6=Andrew S. |last7=Lessler |first7=Justin |title=Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects of Diphtheria: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis |journal=Clinical Infectious Diseases |doi=10.1093/cid/ciz808 |url=https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciz808/5551532?redirectedFrom=fulltext |accessdate=18 March 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[COVID-19]] || Dråbesmitte ||1,4–3,9<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, Ren R, Leung KS, Lau EH, Wong JY, Xing X, Xiang N, Wu Y, Li C, Chen Q, Li D, Liu T, Zhao J, Li M, Tu W, Chen C, Jin L, Yang R, Wang Q, Zhou S, Wang R, Liu H, Luo Y, Liu Y, Shao G, Li H, Tao Z, Yang Y, Deng Z, Liu B, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Shi G, Lam TT, Wu JT, Gao GF, Cowling BJ, Yang B, Leung GM, Feng Z | display-authors = 6 | title = Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | date = January 2020 | pmid = 31995857 | doi = 10.1056/NEJMoa2001316 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Riou, Julien and Althaus, Christian L. |title=Pattern of early human-to-human transmission of Wuhan 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), December 2019 to January 2020 |journal=[[Eurosurveillance]] |date=2020 |volume=25 |issue=4 | doi = 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.4.2000058|pmid=32019669 |pmc= 7001239}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|vauthors=Liu T, Hu J, Kang M, Lin L|date=January 2020|title=Time-varying transmission dynamics of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in China|journal=[[bioRxiv]]|doi=10.1101/2020.01.25.919787 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Read JM, ((Bridgen JRE)), ((Cummings DAT)), Ho A, Jewell CP|display-authors=3|date=28 January 2020| title=Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: early estimation of epidemiological parameters and epidemic predictions | journal=[[MedRxiv]] |doi =10.1101/2020.01.23.20018549| name-list-format=vanc |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wu |first=Joseph T. |last2=Leung |first2=Kathy |last3=Bushman |first3=Mary |last4=Kishore |first4=Nishant |last5=Niehus |first5=Rene |last6=de Salazar |first6=Pablo M. |last7=Cowling |first7=Benjamin J. |last8=Lipsitch |first8=Marc |last9=Leung |first9=Gabriel M. |date=19 March 2020 |title=Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-0822-7 |journal=Nature Medicine |language=en |pages=1–5 |doi=10.1038/s41591-020-0822-7 |issn=1546-170X}}</ref>
|-
| [[Influenza]]<br><small>([[Den spanske syge|pandemien i 1918]])</small> || Dråbesmitte || 1,4–2,8<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Ferguson NM |author2=Cummings DA |author3=Fraser C |author4=Cajka JC |author5=Cooley PC |author6=Burke DS |title=Strategies for mitigating an influenza pandemic |journal=Nature |year=2006 |volume=442 |issue=7101 |pages=448-452 |pmid=16642006 |doi=10.1038/nature04795}}</ref>
|-
| [[Ebola]]<br><small>([[Ebola-udbruddet i Vestafrika 2014]])</small> || Kropsvæsker || 1,5–2,5<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Althaus|first1=Christian L.|title=Estimating the Reproduction Number of Ebola Virus (EBOV) During the 2014 Outbreak in West Africa|journal=PLOS Currents |date=2014 |doi= 10.1371/currents.outbreaks.91afb5e0f279e7f29e7056095255b288 |pmid=25642364| volume=6 |pmc=4169395 |bibcode= 2014arXiv1408.3505A|arxiv=1408.3505}}</ref>
|-
| [[Influenza]]<br><small>([[Influenzapandemien 2009|pandemien i 2009]])</small> || Dråbesmitte || 1,4–1,6<ref name=Coburn2009>{{cite journal |author1=Coburn BJ |author2=Wagner BG |author3=Blower S |title=Modeling influenza epidemics and pandemics: insights into the future of swine flu (H1N1) |journal=[[BMC Medicine]] |year=2009 |volume=7 |at=Article 30 |pmid=19545404 |doi=10.1186/1741-7015-7-30}}</ref>
|-
| [[Influenza]]<br><small>(sæsoninfluenza)</small> || Dråbesmitte || 0,9–2,1<ref name=Coburn2009 />
|-
| [[MERS]] || Dråbesmitte || 0,3–0,8<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kucharski, Adam and Althaus, Christian L. |title=The role of superspreading in Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) transmission |journal=Eurosurveillance |date=2015 |volume=20 |issue=26 |pages=14–8 |doi=10.2807/1560-7917.ES2015.20.25.21167|pmid=26132768 }}</ref>
|}
== Se også ==
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