Bruger:Metalindustrien/Kasse1: Forskelle mellem versioner

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Linje 2:
* [[Transkønnethed]]
* [https://translate.google.com]
 
[[File:Transgender_people_collage.jpg|thumb|Fotocollage af flere kendte transkønnede personer. Fre venstre-til-højre og oppefra-og-ned: [[Lili Elbe]], [[Laverne Cox]], [[Thomas Beatie]], [[Chaz Bono]], [[Balian Buschbaum]] og [[Lynn Conway]].]]
'''Transkønnethed''' er en betegnelse for [[menneske|personer]], der har en [[kønsidentitet]] eller et [[kønsudtryk]], der [[Biologisk og socialt køn|adskiller sig]] fra deres [[Tildeling af køn|fødselskøn]].<ref name="Altilio">{{cite book |first1=Terry |last1=Altilio |first2=Shirley |last2=Otis-Green |title=Oxford Textbook of Palliative Social Work |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0199838271 |year=2011 |page=380 |accessdate=April 12, 2016 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XS3XJL_RGIgC&pg=PA380 |quote=''Transgender'' is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from the sex they were assigned at birth (Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation [GLAAD], 2007). |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201182734/https://books.google.com/books?id=XS3XJL_RGIgC&pg=PA380 |archivedate=December 1, 2016 |df= }}</ref><ref name="Forsyth">{{cite book |first1=Craig J. |last1=Forsyth |first2=Heith |last2=Copes |title=Encyclopedia of Social Deviance |publisher=[[Sage Publications]]|isbn=978-1483364698 |year=2014 |page=740 |accessdate=April 12, 2016 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NAjmBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA740 |quote=Transgender is an umbrella term for people whose gender identities, gender expressions, and/or behaviors are different from those culturally associated with the sex to which they were assigned at birth. |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201105833/https://books.google.com/books?id=NAjmBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA740 |archivedate=December 1, 2016 |df= }}</ref><ref name="Berg-Weger">{{cite book |first=Marla |last=Berg-Weger |title=Social Work and Social Welfare: An Invitation |publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=978-1317592020 |year=2016 |page=229 |accessdate=April 12, 2016 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fx7NCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA229 |quote=Transgender: An umbrella term that describes people whose gender identity or gender expression differs from expectations associated with the sex assigned to them at birth. |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201170448/https://books.google.com/books?id=Fx7NCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA229 |archivedate=December 1, 2016 |df= }}</ref> Nogle transkønnede, som ønsker medicinsk hjælp til at [[transition (transkønnethed)|overgå]] fra et køn til et andet, identificerer sig som [[transseksualitet|transseksuelle]].<ref name="Bevan">Thomas E. Bevan, ''The Psychobiology of Transsexualism and Transgenderism'' (2014, {{ISBN|1-4408-3127-0}}), page 42: "The term transsexual was introduced by Cauldwell (1949) and popularized by Harry Benjamin (1966) [...]. The term transgender was coined by John Oliven (1965) and popularized by various transgender people who pioneered the concept and practice of transgenderism. It is sometimes said that Virginia Prince (1976) popularized the term, but history shows that many transgender people advocated the use of this term much more than Prince."</ref><ref name="Polly">R Polly, J Nicole, ''Understanding the transsexual patient: culturally sensitive care in emergency nursing practice'', in the ''[[Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal]]'' (2011): "The use of terminology by transsexual individuals to self-identify varies. As aforementioned, many transsexual individuals prefer the term transgender, or simply trans, as it is more inclusive and carries fewer stigmas. There are some transsexual individuals [,] however, who reject the term transgender; these individuals view transsexualism as a treatable congenital condition. Following medical and/or surgical transition, they live within the binary as either a man or a woman and may not disclose their transition history."</ref> ''Transkønnet'', ofte forkortet til blot ''trans'', er også et paraplybegreb: Udover at omfatte personer, hvis kønsidentitet er det modsatte af deres fødselskøn (dvs. [[transmand|transmænd]] og [[transkvinde|transkvinder]]), kan det også anvendes om personer, hvis [[kønsudtryk]] ikke er eksklusivt [[maskulinitet|maskulint]] eller [[femininitet|feminint]] (personer, som er [[ikke-binær kønsidentitet|ikke-binære eller ''genderqueer'']], heriblandt [[bikønnethed|bikønnede]], [[pankønnethed|pankønnede]], ''genderfluid'' og akønnede).<ref name="Forsyth" /><ref name="glaad.org">Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation. [http://www.glaad.org/reference/transgender "GLAAD Media Reference Guide&nbsp;– Transgender glossary of terms"] {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/689BChG1X?url=http://www.glaad.org/reference/transgender |date=2012-06-03 }}, "[[GLAAD]]", USA, May 2010. Retrieved 2011-02-24. "An umbrella term for people whose gender identity and/or gender expression differs from what is typically associated with the sex they were assigned at birth."</ref><ref name="Bilodeau">{{cite journal|last1=Bilodeau|first1=Brent|title=Beyond the Gender Binary: A Case Study of Two Transgender Students at a Midwestern Research University|journal=Journal of Gay & Lesbian Issues in Education|date=2005|volume=3|issue=1|pages=29–44|doi=10.1300/J367v03n01_05}} "Yet Jordan and Nick represent a segment of transgender communities that have largely been overlooked in transgender and student development research&nbsp;– individuals who express a non-binary construction of gender[.]"</ref> Blandt andre definitioner af ''transkønnet'' er også at inkludere personer, der tilhører et [[tredje køn]], eller konceptualisere transkønnede ''som'' et tredje køn.<ref name="Stryker3G">Susan Stryker, Stephen Whittle, ''The Transgender Studies Reader'' ({{ISBN|1-135-39884-4}}), page 666: "The authors note that, increasingly, in social science literature, the term "third gender" is being replaced by or conflated with the newer term "transgender."</ref><ref name="Chrisler">Joan C. Chrisler, Donald R. McCreary, ''Handbook of Gender Research in Psychology'', volume 1 (2010, {{ISBN|1-4419-1465-X}}), page 486: "Transgender is a broad term characterized by a challenge of traditional gender roles and gender identity[. ...] For example, some cultures classify transgender individuals as a third gender, thereby treating this phenomenon as normative."</ref> Begrebet ''transkønnet'' kan defineres meget bredt til også at inkludere [[transvestisme]] eller ligefrem [[crossdressing]] generelt.<ref name="ReisnerEtAl">{{cite journal |doi=10.1089/lgbt.2013.0018 |pmid=26789619 |title=Comparing In-Person and Online Survey Respondents in the U.S. National Transgender Discrimination Survey: Implications for Transgender Health Research |journal=LGBT Health |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=98–106 |year=2014 |last1=Reisner |first1=Sari L |last2=Conron |first2=Kerith |last3=Scout |first3=Nfn |last4=Mimiaga |first4=Matthew J |last5=Haneuse |first5=Sebastien |last6=Austin |first6=S. Bryn |quote=Transgender was defined broadly to cover those who transition from one gender to another as well as those who may not choose to socially, medically, or legally fully transition, including cross-dressers, people who consider themselves to be genderqueer, androgynous, and… }}</ref>
 
At være transkønnet er uafhængigt af [[seksuel orientering]].<ref name="apahelp">{{cite web |title=Sexual orientation, homosexuality and bisexuality |publisher=[[American Psychological Association]] |accessdate=August 10, 2013 |url=http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/sexual-orientation.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130808010101/http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/sexual%2Dorientation.aspx|url-status=dead |archivedate=August 8, 2013}}</ref> Transkønnede personer kan identificere sig som heteroseksuelle, homoseksuelle, [[biseksualitet|biseksuelle]], [[aseksualitet|aseksuelle]] eller helt nægte at sætte en betegnelse på deres seksuelle orientering. Begrebet ''transgender'' skelnes også fra ''[[intersex]]'', da sidstnævnte betegner personer, der er født med fysiske [[kønskarakteristika]] "der ikke passer ind i typiske binære forståelser af hankønnede eller hunkønnede kroppe".<ref name="unfe-fact">{{Cite web |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |publisher=United Nations [[Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights]] |title=Free & Equal Campaign Fact Sheet: Intersex |year=2015 |url=https://unfe.org/system/unfe-65-Intersex_Factsheet_ENGLISH.pdf |access-date=March 28, 2016 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071043/https://unfe.org/system/unfe-65-Intersex_Factsheet_ENGLISH.pdf |archivedate=March 4, 2016 |df= }}</ref> Det modsatte af ''transkønnethed'' er ''[[ciskønnethed]]'', der beskriver personer hvis kønsidentitet eller kønsudtryk stemmer overens med deres fødselskøn.<ref name="cisgenderdef">{{Cite web |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cisgender |title=Definition of CISGENDER |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en |access-date=2019-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326162554/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cisgender |archive-date=2019-03-26 |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
Graden hvortil personer kan føle sig autentiske og tilpas med deres ydre udseende og acceptere deres reelle identitet er blevet kaldt ''transkønnethedskongruens''.<ref name="10.1177/0361684312442161">{{cite journal |last1=Kozee |first1=H. B. |last2=Tylka |first2=T. L. |last3=Bauerband |first3=L. A. |year=2012 |title=Measuring transgender individuals' comfort with gender identity and appearance: Development and validation of the Transgender Congruence Scale |journal=Psychology of Women Quarterly |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=179–196 |doi=10.1177/0361684312442161|url=https://semanticscholar.org/paper/f2bf1550e882125f22f7b182b383d249ab05c7ac }}</ref> Mange transkønnede oplever [[kønsdysfori]], og nogle søger medicinsk behandling såsom [[hormonterapi (transkønnethed)|hormonterapi]], [[kønsskifteoperation]] eller [[psykoterapi]].<ref name="Maizes">Victoria Maizes, ''Integrative Women's Health'' (2015, {{ISBN|0190214805}}), page 745: "Many transgender people experience gender dysphoria—distress that results from the discordance of biological sex and experienced gender (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Treatment for gender dysphoria, considered to be highly effective, includes physical, medical, and/or surgical treatments [...] some [transgender people] may not choose to transition at all."</ref> Ikke alle transkønnede ønsker disse behandlinger, og nogle kan slet ikke modtage dem af økonomiske eller medicinske grunde.<ref name="Maizes" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Understanding Transgender People FAQ |url=http://www.transequality.org/issues/resources/understanding-transgender-people-faq |website=National Center for Transgender Equality |accessdate=20 April 2016 |date=1 May 2009 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422081846/http://www.transequality.org/issues/resources/understanding-transgender-people-faq |archivedate=22 April 2016 |df= }}</ref>
 
På verdensplan oplever mange transkønnede diskrimination på arbejdspladsen<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lombardi |first1=Emilia L. |last2=Anne Wilchins |first2=Riki |last3=Priesing |first3=Dana |last4=Malouf |first4=Diana |title=Gender Violence: Transgender Experiences with Violence and Discrimination |journal=Journal of Homosexuality |date=October 2008 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=89–101 |doi=10.1300/J082v42n01_05|pmid=11991568 }}</ref> og i offentlige rum<ref name="GLAAD-public-services">Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation. [http://glaadblog.org/2011/02/04/groundbreaking-report-reflects-persistent-discrimination-against-transgender-community/ "Groundbreaking Report Reflects Persistent Discrimination Against Transgender Community"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110803205502/http://glaadblog.org/2011/02/04/groundbreaking-report-reflects-persistent-discrimination-against-transgender-community/ |date=2011-08-03 }}, ''[[GLAAD]]'', USA, February 4, 2011. Retrieved 2011-02-24.</ref> og sundhedssystemet.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bradford|first1=Judith|last2=Reisner|first2=Sari L.|last3=Honnold|first3=Julie A.|last4=Xavier|first4=Jessica|title=Experiences of Transgender-Related Discrimination and Implications for Health: Results From the Virginia Transgender Health Initiative Study|journal=American Journal of Public Health|date=2013|volume=103|issue=10|pages=1820–1829|doi=10.2105/AJPH.2012.300796|pmid=23153142|pmc=3780721}}</ref> Mange steder er transkønnede ikke juridisk beskyttede mod diskrimination.<ref name="Whittle, Stephen 2002">Whittle, Stephen. "Respect and Equality: Transsexual and Transgender Rights." Routledge-Cavendish, 2002.</ref>
 
== Terminologi ==
[[File:Woman looking out window (cropped).jpg|thumb|En transkønnet kvinde]]
Psykiateren John F. Oliven fra [[Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons|Columbia University]] var den første til at anvende begrebet ''transgender'' i sit opslagsværk ''Sexual Hygiene and Pathology'' (1965),<ref>{{Cite book|last=Oliven|first=John F.|url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Sexual_hygiene_and_pathology.html?id=gw4-AQAAIAAJ|title=Sexual hygiene and pathology: a manual for the physician and the professions|date=1965|publisher=Lippincott|language=en}}</ref> hvori han skrev at det begreb der tidligere var blevet anvendt, ''[[transseksuel|transseksualisme]]'', "er vildledende; faktisk menes 'transkønnethed' ({{lang-en|'transgenderism'}}), da seksualitet ikke er en større faktor i primær transvestisme."<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1097/00000441-196508000-00054 |title=Sexual Hygiene and Pathology |journal=The American Journal of the Medical Sciences |volume=250 |issue=2 |pages=235 |year=1965 |last1=Oliven |first1=John F. }}: "Where the compulsive urge reaches beyond female vestments, and becomes an urge for gender ("sex") change, transvestism becomes "transsexualism." The term is misleading; actually, "transgenderism" is what is meant, because sexuality is not a major factor in primary transvestism. Psychologically, the transsexual often differs from the simple cross-dresser; he is conscious at all times of a strong desire to be a woman, and the urge can be truly consuming.", p. 514</ref><ref name="Rawson">{{cite journal |last=Rawson |first=K. J. |last2=Williams |first2=Cristan |title=Transgender: The Rhetorical Landscape of a term |journal=Present Tense: A Journal of Rhetoric in Society |volume=3 |issue=2 |date=2014 |url=http://www.presenttensejournal.org/volume-3/transgender-the-rhetorical-landscape-of-a-term/ |access-date=2017-05-18 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170515040154/http://www.presenttensejournal.org/volume-3/transgender-the-rhetorical-landscape-of-a-term/ |archivedate=2017-05-15 |df= }}</ref> Begrebet ''transgender'' blev derefter populariseret med forskellige forskellige definitioner fra forskellige transkønnede, transseksuelle og transvistitiske personer, heriblandt [[Virginia Prince]],<ref name="Bevan"/> som anvendte det i december 1969 i månedens udgave af ''Transvestia'', et amerikansk nationalt magasin for [[crossdressing|crossdressers]] som hun grundlagde.<ref name=TGP>{{cite book |last=Elkins |first=Richard |title=The Transgender Phenomenon |year=2006 |publisher=Sage |isbn=978-0-7619-7163-4 |pages=13–14 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8eHAAAAIAAJ |first2=Dave |last2=King |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926071354/https://books.google.com/books?id=R8eHAAAAIAAJ |archivedate=2015-09-26 |df= }}</ref> Ved midten af 1970'erne blev både ''trans-gender'' ("transkønnet") og ''trans people'' ("transpersoner") anvendt som paraplybegreber,<ref group=note>*I april 1970 udgav ''TV Guide'' en artikel, som henviste til en post-operativ transseksuel filmfigur som "transkønnet" ({{lang-en|transgendered}}). ({{cite journal |title=Sunday Highlights |journal=[[TV Guide]] |date=April 26, 1970 |accessdate=28 May 2012 |url=http://research.cristanwilliams.com/2012/03/25/1970-transgendered/ |quote=[R]aquel Welch (left), moviedom's sex queen soon to be seen as the heroine/hero of Gore Vidal's transgendered "Myra Breckinridge"... |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604191207/http://research.cristanwilliams.com/2012/03/25/1970-transgendered/ |archivedate=4 June 2012 |df= }})
* 1974-udgaven af ''Clinical Sexuality: A Manual for the Physician and the Professions'' blev ''transgender'' anvendt som et paraplybegreb og konferencerapporten fra "National TV.TS Conference" i 1974 i Leeds, West Yorkshire i Storbritannien anvendte "trans-gender" og "trans-people" som paraplybegreber.({{cite book |last=Oliven |first=John F. |title=Clinical sexuality: A Manual for the Physician and the Professions |year=1974 |publisher=Lippincott |location=University of Michigan (digitized Aug 2008) |isbn=978-0-397-50329-2 |pages=110, 484–487 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-lrAAAAMAAJ |edition=3rd |quote="Transgender deviance" p 110, "Transgender research" p 484, "transgender deviates" p 485, Transvestites not welcome at "Transgender Center" p 487 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151205091123/https://books.google.com/books?id=Z-lrAAAAMAAJ |archivedate=2015-12-05 |df= }}), (2006). The Transgender Phenomenon ({{cite book |last=Elkins |first=Richard |title=The Transgender Phenomenon |year=2006 |publisher=Sage |isbn=978-0-7619-7163-4 |page=13 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8eHAAAAIAAJ |first2=Dave |last2=King |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926071354/https://books.google.com/books?id=R8eHAAAAIAAJ |archivedate=2015-09-26 |df= }})
* ''A Practical Handbook of Psychiatry'' (1974) beskriver dog "transkønnethedskirurgi" ({{lang-en|transgender surgery}}) med bemærkningen: "Transvestitten søger sjældent transkønnethedskirurgi, siden kernen i hans perversion er et forsøg på at realisere fantasien om en [[fallos|fallisk]] kvinde."({{cite book |last=Novello |first=Joseph R. |title=A Practical Handbook of Psychiatry |year=1974 |publisher=C. C. Thomas |location=University of Michigan, digitized August 2008 |isbn=978-0-398-02868-8 |page=176 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xfFrAAAAMAAJ |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919152319/https://books.google.com/books?id=xfFrAAAAMAAJ |archivedate=2015-09-19 |df= }})</ref> og ''transgenderist'' blev brugt til at henvise til personer, der ønskede at leve som det modstillede køn uden brug af [[kønsskifteoperation]]er.<ref name="sstrykerone">Stryker, S. (2004), "... lived full-time in a social role not typically associated with their natal sex, but who did not resort to genital surgery as a means of supporting their gender presentation ..." i [http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/transgender.html Transgender] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060321050144/http://www.glbtq.com/social-sciences/transgender.html |date=2006-03-21 }} from the GLBTQ: an encyclopedia of gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender and queer culture. Retrieved 2007-04-10.</ref> I 1976 blev ''transgenderist'' forkortet ''TG'' i oplysningsmaterialer.<ref>''The Radio Times'' (1979: 2. juni)</ref>
 
I 1984 havde idéen om et "transkønnet fællesskab" udviklet sig, og her blev ''transkønnet'' anvendt som et paraplybegreb.<ref>{{cite news |last=Peo, TV-TS Tapestry Board of Advisors |first=Roger E. |title=The 'Origins' and 'Cures' for Transgender Behavior |url=http://research.cristanwilliams.com/2012/03/08/1984-transgender-community-modern-transgender-community/ |accessdate=28 May 2012 |newspaper=The TV-TS Tapestry |year=1984 |issue=2 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407040646/http://research.cristanwilliams.com/2012/03/08/1984-transgender-community-modern-transgender-community/ |archivedate=7 April 2012 |df= }}</ref> I 1985 etablerede Richard Elkins "Trans-Gender Archive" ved Ulster Universitet.<ref name=TGP /> I 1992 definerede International Conference on Transgender Law and Employment Policy ''transkønnethed'' ({{lang-en|transgender}}) som et større paraplybegreb, der inkluderede "transseksuelle, ''transgenderists'', cross dressers" og enhver der [[transition (transkønnethed)|er i transition]].<ref>{{cite web |title=First International Conference on Transgender Law and Employment Policy (1992) |url=http://research.cristanwilliams.com/2012/03/19/1992-international-conference-on-transgender-law-and-employment-policy/ |work=organizational pamphlet |publisher=ICTLEP/ |accessdate=28 May 2012 |year=1992 |quote=Transgendered persons include transsexuals, transgenderists, and other crossdressers of both sexes, transitioning in either direction (male to female or female to male), of any sexual orientation, and of all races, creeds, religions, ages, and degrees of physical impediment. |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120330144938/http://research.cristanwilliams.com/2012/03/19/1992-international-conference-on-transgender-law-and-employment-policy/ |archivedate=30 March 2012 |df= }}</ref> [[Leslie Feinberg]]'s pamflet, "Transgender Liberation: A Movement Whose Time has Come", i cirkulation i 1992, identificerede ''transgender'' som en betegnelse, som skulle forene alle former for nonkonformitet indenfor køn; på denne måde er ''transgender'' blevet synonymt med ''[[queer]]''.<ref>Stryker, Susan. "Transgender History, Homonormativity, and Disciplinarity". Radical History Review, Vol. 2008, No. 100. (Winter 2008), pp. 145–157</ref>
 
Mellem midt-1990'erne og de tidlige 2000'ere var de primære betegnelser under transkønnethedsparaplyen "female to male" (FtM, {{lang-da|hun til han}}) for mænd, som gennemgik transition fra hunkøn til hankøn, og "male to female" (MtF, {{lang-da|han til hun}}) for kvinder, som gennemgik transition fra hankøn til hunkøn. Disse betegnelser er siden blevet erstattet af hhv. begreberne "[[transmand]]" og "[[transkvinde]]", og betegnelserne "transmaskulin" eller "transfeminin" er også begyndt at finde anvendelse.<ref name="Slate 14 May 2018">{{cite news|last1=Myers|first1=Alex|title=Trans Terminology Seems Like It's Changing All the Time. And That's a Good Thing.|url=https://slate.com/human-interest/2018/05/trans-terminologys-constant-evolution-is-good-for-everyone.html|accessdate=15 May 2018|work=Slate Magazine|date=14 May 2018|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515012348/https://slate.com/human-interest/2018/05/trans-terminologys-constant-evolution-is-good-for-everyone.html|archive-date=15 May 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Dette skift i præference fra begreber, der lagde vægt på biologisk køn ("transseksuel" og sidenhen "FtM") til begreber, der lægger vægt på [[kønsidentitet]] og [[kønsudtryk|udtryk]] ("transkønnet", "transkvinde") er udtryk for et bredere skifte i forståelsen af transkønnede personers selvfølelse, og den voksende anerkendelse af de, som afviser medicinske indgreb, som værende en del af transkønnedes fællesskab.<ref name="Slate 14 May 2018" />
 
Sundhedsfaglige manualer, professionelle journalistiske [[stilmanual]]er og [[LGBT]]-grupper anbefaler at andre i deres interaktioner med en transkønnet person anvender det navn og de [[stedord]] som den pågældende person selv identificerer sig med, heriblandt nutidige henvisninger til transpersonens fortid.<ref name="APA Complicated">{{cite web |last=Glicksman |first=Eve |title=Transgender terminology: It's complicated |url=http://www.apa.org/monitor/2013/04/complicated.aspx |publisher=American Psychological Association |accessdate=2013-09-17 |location=Vol 44, No. 4 |page=39 |date=April 2013 |quote=Use whatever name and gender pronoun the person prefers |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130925130527/http://www.apa.org/monitor/2013/04/complicated.aspx |archivedate=2013-09-25 |df= }}</ref><ref name="Fenway Meeting">{{cite web |url=http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/glbt/tfi-grand-rounds-makadon.ppt |title=Meeting the Health Care Needs of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) People: The End to LGBT Invisibility |publisher=The Fenway Institute |accessdate=2013-09-17 |page=24 |format=PowerPoint Presentation |quote=Use the pronoun that matches the person's gender identity |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020025808/http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/glbt/tfi-grand-rounds-makadon.ppt |archive-date=2013-10-20 |url-status=live }}</ref> Mange bemærker også at ''transkønnet'' ({{lang-en|transgender}}) bør anvendes som et tillægsord, ikke et navneord (for eksempel, "Max er transkønnet" eller "Max er en transkønnet mand", ikke "Max er en transkønnet").<ref>[http://cltampa.com/bedpost/archives/2014/01/11/savage-love-gayed-blacked-transgendered Dan Savage, ''Savage Love: Gayed, Blacked, Transgendered'' (Creative Loafing, 11 January 2014)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125192423/http://cltampa.com/bedpost/archives/2014/01/11/savage-love-gayed-blacked-transgendered |date=25 January 2016 }}</ref><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/guardian-observer-style-guide-t Guardian and Observer style guide] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709224453/https://www.theguardian.com/guardian-observer-style-guide-t |date=2017-07-09 }}: use transgender [...] only as an adjective: transgender person, trans person; never "transgendered person" or "a transgender"</ref> På [[engelsk (sprog)|engelsk]] anbefales ligeledes at man betegner folk som ''transgender'' og ikke ''transgendered''.<ref name="GLAAD's Transgender Resource Page">Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation. [http://www.glaad.org/transgender "GLAAD's Transgender Resource Page"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006101255/http://www.glaad.org/transgender |date=2012-10-06 }}, "[[GLAAD]]", USA. Retrieved 2011-02-24. "Problematic: "transgendered". Preferred: transgender. The adjective transgender should never have an extraneous "-ed" tacked onto the end. An "-ed" suffix adds unnecessary length to the word and can cause tense confusion and grammatical errors. It also brings transgender into alignment with lesbian, gay, and bisexual. You would not say that Elton John is "gayed" or Ellen DeGeneres is "lesbianed," therefore you would not say Chaz Bono is "transgendered."</ref>
 
Transkønnethed står generelt i kontrast til ''[[ciskønnethed]]'', hvilket betegner personer, hvis følelse af personlig identitet stemmer overens med det køn de blev [[tildeling af køn|tildelt ved fødslen]] – dvs. personer, som hverken er transkønnede eller ikke-binære/genderqueer.<ref name="OED definition of cisgender">{{cite web |last1=Martin |first1=Katherine |title=New words notes June 2015 |url=http://public.oed.com/the-oed-today/recent-updates-to-the-oed/june-2015-update/new-words-notes-june-2015/ |website=Oxford English Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press |accessdate=2 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150814051905/http://public.oed.com/the-oed-today/recent-updates-to-the-oed/june-2015-update/new-words-notes-june-2015/ |archivedate=14 August 2015 |df= }}</ref>
 
[[Præfiks]]erne ''trans-'' og ''cis-'' stammer fra [[latin]], og betyder oprindeligt hhv. "på den anden side af" og "på denne side af".<ref>{{ordnet.dk|trans-}}</ref><ref>https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cis</ref>
 
=== Transsexual and its relationship to transgender ===