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{{Infoboks
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| title = Botany Bay | other_name = Kamay/Gamay, Sting Ray Harbour<ref name=gnb>{{NSW GNR|id=MnjLoesE|title=Botany Bay|date=9 March 1973|accessdate=7 January 2013}}</ref>
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| caption = Aerial photo of [[Sydney]] showing Botany Bay in the foreground. <br/>
The two protrusions into the bay are runways of [[Sydney Airport]].
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{{Infoboks sø
|Navn = Botany Bay
|Billede = Sydney from Botany Bay looking north (aerial).jpg
|Tekst = Aerial photo of [[Sydney]] showing Botany Bay in the foreground. <br/>
The two protrusions into the bay are runways of [[Sydney Airport]].
|Land = New South Wales, Australien
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|Tilløb = Georges River, Cooks River
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|Afvandingsareal = 54,9 km<sup>2</sup>
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|coordinates = {{coord|33|59|59|S|151|13|59|E|display=inline,title}}
}}'''Botany Bay''' eller '''Botanybugten''' er en havbugt<ref name="roy" /> i [[New South Wales]] i [[Australien]], 13 kilometer syd for centrum af [[Sydney]]. To floder løber ud i bugten: [[Georges River]] ved [[Taren Point, New South Wales|Taren Point]] og [[Cooks River]] ved [[Kyeemagh, New South Wales|Kyeemagh]], which flows {{convert|10|km|0|abbr=on}} to the east before meeting its [[river mouth|mouth]] at the [[Tasman Sea]], midpoint between the suburbs of [[La Perouse, New South Wales|La Perouse]] and [[Kurnell, New South Wales|Kurnell]]. The northern headland of the entrance to the bay from the Tasman Sea is [[Joseph Banks|Cape Banks]] and, on the southern side, the outer headland is [[Daniel Solander|Cape Solander]] and the inner headland is [[Sutherland Point]].
The total catchment area of the bay is approximately {{convert|55|km2|abbr=on}}.
The land adjacent to Botany Bay was settled for many thousands of years by the [[Tharawal people|Tharawal]] and [[Eora]] peoples and their associated clans. On 29 April 1770, Botany Bay was the site of [[James Cook]]'s first landing of [[HMS Endeavour|HMS ''Endeavour'']] on the land mass of Australia, after his extensive navigation of [[New Zealand]]. Later the British planned Botany Bay as the site for a [[penal colony]]. Out of these plans came the first [[History of Australia (1788–1850)|European habitation of Australia]] at [[Sydney Cove]]. Although the penal settlement was almost immediately shifted to Sydney Cove, for some time in Britain [[penal transportation|transportation]] to "Botany Bay" was a [[metonym]] for transportation to any of the Australian penal settlements.
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