Bruger:Drlectin/sandkasse4: Forskelle mellem versioner

* Respiratory complex I, EC 1.6.5.3 (also known as NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, Type I NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial Complex I) translocates protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane in prokaryotes or the plasma membrane of bacteria.The structure is an "L" shape with a long membrane domain (with around 60 trans-membrane helices) and a hydrophilic (or peripheral) domain, which includes all the known redox centres and the NADH binding site.

* voltage-gated sodium channel as a specific example of a protein embedded in the plasma membrane. This type of protein is found in the nerve and muscle cells and is used in the rapid electrical signalling found in these cells. The principle subunit of the voltage-gated sodium channel is a polypeptide chain of more than 1800 amino acids. [http://courses.washington.edu/conj/membrane/nachan.htm

* Bestrophiner. Fem identiske subunits med hver fire TMD.

* theEscherichia coli BtuCD protein, an ABC transporter mediating vitamin B12 uptake.

* Tet(L), antibiotic resistance protein, a tetracycline efflux protein with 14 transmembrane segments (TMS). Antiporter.

* Lac permease

* Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystic_fibrosis_transmembrane_conductance_regulator

* P-glycoprotein 1 (permeability glycoprotein, abbreviated as P-gp or Pgp) also known as multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) or ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1 (ABCB1) or cluster of differentiation 243 (CD243) or ABC transporter of the MDR/TAP subfamily is an important protein of the cell membrane that pumps many foreign substances out of cells.

* PTC, Patched Ptch, receptor for Hh ("Hedghog")-homologe SHH, DHH, IHH. The seven transmembrane domain containing protein smoothened (SMO) serves as the key player for signal transduction of this pathway, whose function is inhibited by another transmembrane protein Patched (PTC) in the absence of Hh ligands. In the presence of active Hh ligands, binding of Hh to its receptor PTC releases this inhibition, allowing SMO to signal downstream.

* Monoamine transporters

* * norepinephrine transporter, NET (=noradrenalin)

* * Dopamintransporter DAT symporter 12TMD http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v503/n7474/full/nature12533.html

* * Norepinephrintransporter, NET

* * norepinephrine transporter (NET), also known as solute carrier family 6 member 2 (SLC6A2)

* Chloride channels https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride_channel

* Flippases

* GASTRIC PROTON PUMP?? P-type ATPase H+/K+ ATPase

* Chloride channels https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloride_channel

* ABC3 exporters (undergruppe af ATP-binding cassette transporters, forkortet til ABC transporters) evolved from a 4 TMS precursor which duplicated either extragenicly to give two 4 TMS proteins, both required for transport function, or intragenicly to give 8 or 10 TMS proteins. The 10 TMS proteins appear to have two extra TMSs between the two 4 TMS repeat units.

* Calciumactivated Cl- channels CaCC bestrophins (6TMD) and anoctamins

* GPCR

* glucagon' receptor

* Serotonin receptors = 5-HT receptorer (dog 5-HT 3 w= ligand-gated ion channels in the central or peripheral nervous system)

* SMO. The seven transmembrane domain containing protein smoothened (SMO) serves as the key player for signal transduction of the hedgehog pathway, whose function is inhibited by another transmembrane protein Patched (PTC) in the absence of Hh ligands. In the presence of active Hh ligands, binding of Hh to its receptor PTC releases this inhibition, allowing SMO to signal downstream.

* Aquaporin proteins are made up of six transmembrane α-helicesarranged in a right-handed bundle, with the amino and the carboxyl termini located on the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane... There are thirteen known types of aquaporins in mammals, and six of these are located in the kidney,[23] but the existence of many more is suspected. .. AQP1... Aquaporins in plants are separated into five main homologous subfamilies, or groups:[25]

* De fleste TRP transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, calcium-permeable cation channels with polymodal activation properties, wasabi receptor, capsaicin receptor=TRPV1. Tetramere, monomer = 6TM

* ABC1 exporters (undergruppe af ATP-binding cassette transporters, forkortet til ABC transporters) evolved by intragenic triplication of a 2 TMS precursor.

* ABC2 exporters (undergruppe af ATP-binding cassette transporters, forkortet til ABC transporters) evolved by intragenic duplication of a 3 TMS precursor.