Australien: Forskelle mellem versioner

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Australien blev befolket af [[aboriginer]]ne for omkring 50.000 år siden.<ref>Wade, Nicholas (22 September 2011). [http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/23/science/23aborigines.html "Australian Aborigine Hair Tells a Story of Human Migration"]. ''The New York Times''.</ref><ref>[http://news.softpedia.com/news/Both-Aborigines-and-Europeans-Rooted-in-Africa-54225.shtml "Both Australian Aborigines and Europeans Rooted in Africa – 50,000 years ago"]. News.softpedia.com. Retrieved 27 April 2013.</ref> De var opdelt i omkring 250 nationer,<ref>[http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.NSF/2f762f95845417aeca25706c00834efa/aadb12e0bbec2820ca2570ec001117a5!OpenDocument "Australian Social Trends"]. ''[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]] website''. Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 6 June 2008</ref><ref>Walsh, Michael (1991) "Overview of indigenous languages of Australia" in </ref> da briterne i slutningen af det 18. århundrede koloniserede landet.<ref>[http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/european-discovery-and-colonisation "European discovery and the colonisation of Australia"]. ''Australian Government: Culture Portal''. Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Commonwealth of Australia. 11 January 2008. Retrieved 7 May 2010. <q>[The British] moved north to Port Jackson on 26 January 1788, landing at Camp Cove, known as 'cadi' to the Cadigal people. Governor Phillip carried instructions to establish the first British Colony in Australia. The First Fleet was under prepared for the task, and the soil around Sydney Cove was poor.</q></ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Davison, Hirst and Macintyre||pp. 157, 254}}</ref> I 1606 opdagede [[Forenede Nederlande|hollandske]] søfarere Australien, men først i 1770 gjorde [[Kongeriget Storbritannien|Storbritannien]] krav på kontinentet. Den 26. januar 1789 blev straffekolonien [[New South Wales]] grundlagt på den australske østkyst. I løbet af de følgende årtier steg befolkningstallet støt. Omkring 1850 havde man kortlagt langt størstedelen af kontinentet, og yderligere fem [[kronkoloni]]er var blevet oprettet. Den 1. januar 1901 blev de seks kolonier samlet i forbundsstaten Australien. Australien har siden da formået at bevare et stabilt [[Liberalt demokrati|demokrati]], organiseret som et [[konstitutionelt monarki]]. Landet består af [[Australiens delstater og territorier|seks delstater og ti territorier]]. Australien har 24 millioner indbyggere,<ref>The population estimate shown is automatically calculated daily at 00:00 UTC and is based on data obtained from the population clock on the date shown in the citation.</ref> hvoraf hovedparten bor i byer langs østkysten.<ref>[http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/1301.0~2012~Main%20Features~Geographic%20distribution%20of%20the%20population~49 "Geographic Distribution of the Population"]. Retrieved 1 December 2012.</ref>