Operation Barbarossa: Forskelle mellem versioner

'''Operation Barbarossa''' ({{lang-de|Unternehmen Barbarossa}}) var [[kodenavn]]et for [[Nazi-tyskland]]s invasion af [[Sovjetunionen]] under [[2. verdenskrig]]. Angrebet begyndte den 22. juni 1941.<ref name = "Higgins">{{cite book | title = Hitler and Russia | first = Trumbull | last = Higgins | publisher = The Macmillan Company | year = 1966 | pages = 11–59, 98–151}}</ref><ref>Bryan I. Fugate. Strategy and tactics on the Eastern Front, 1941. Novato: Presidio Press, 1984.</ref> Over 4,5 millioner af [[Aksemagterne]]s soldater invaderede Sovjetunionen over en 2.900&nbsp;km lang front.<ref>World War II Chronicle, 2007. Legacy/ Publications International, Ltd. Page 146.</ref> Operationen var opkaldt efter [[kejser]] [[Frederik Barbarossa]] af det [[Tysk-romerske rige]], som var leder af det [[Korstog#3. korstog 1189-1193|3. korstog]] i det 12. århundrede. Planlægningen for Operation Barbarossa startede [[18. december]] [[1940]]; de hemmelige militære forberedelser og selve operationen varede fra foråret 1941 til vinteren 1941.

 

 

På grund af Barbarossas manglende succes blev der iværksat en række operationer i Rusland, som dog alle fejlede: fortsættelsen af [[belejringen af Leningrad]],<ref>{{cite web | first = Konstantin | last = Simonov | title = Records of talks with Georgi Zhukov, 1965–1966 | url = http://www.hrono.ru/dokum/197_dok/1979zhukov2.html | year = 1979 | publisher = Hrono}}</ref><ref>Life and Death in Besieged Leningrad, 1941–44 (Studies in Russian and Eastern European History), edited by John Barber and Andrei Dzeniskevich. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005 (hardcover, ISBN 1-4039-0142-2).</ref> [[Operation Nordlicht]] og [[Slaget om Stalingrad]] sammen med andre slag i Sovjetunionen.<ref>The siege of Leningrad. By Alan Wykes. Ballantines Illustrated History of WWII, 3rd edition, 1972. Pages 9-61, and, Scorched Earth. (pages 205 – 240) By Paul Carell. Schiffer Military History, 1994. ISBN 0-88740-598-3 og Finland in the Second World War. Between Germany and Russia. Palgrave. 2002. (pp. 90 – 141)</ref><ref name = "Directorate">Military-Topographic Directorate, maps No. 194, 196, Officer's Atlas. General Staff USSR. 1947. Атлас Офицера. Генеральный штаб вооруженных сил ССР. М., Военно-топографическоее управление,- 1947. Листы 194, 196</ref><ref>''Russia's War'': A History of the Soviet Effort: 1941-1945 ISBN 0-14-027169-4 by Richard Overy Page 91</ref><ref>The World War II. Desk Reference. Eisenhower Center Director Douglas Brinkley. Editor Mickael E. Haskey. Grand Central Press, Stonesong Press, HarperCollins, 2004. ISBN 0-06-052651-3. Page 210.</ref><ref>[http://www.britannica.com/bps/topic/335949/Siege-of-Leningrad#tab=active~checked%2Citems~checked%3E%2Fbps%2Ftopic%2F335949%2FSiege-of-Leningrad&title=Siege%20of%20Leningrad%20--%20Britannica%20Online%20Encyclopedia Siege of Leningrad. Encyclopedia Britannica. ]</ref>