Bruger:Nis Hoff/Kladde7: Forskelle mellem versioner

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60. division, som ikke kunne få forsyninger længere nordpå end Huj, blev i det område mens transporten af de to infanterikorps blev reorganiseret.<ref name="Falls124n">Falls 1930 Vol. 2 p. 124 and note</ref>
 
==== DesertDet Mountedberedne Corpsørkenkorps ====
SoDet itvar wassåledes onlykun unitsenheder offra the21. XXIkorps Corpsved onkysten, thesom coastrykkede advancingfrem tofor attackat theangribe Ottomanden rearguardosmanniske bagtrop, defendingder theforsvarede Wadi Hesi linelinjen, andog sixseks mountedberedne brigadesbrigader offra Desertdet Mountedberedne Corpsørkenkorps inlandinde whichi werelandet availablevar totil pursuerådighed thetil Ottomanen armyforfølgelse af den osmanniske armé. UrgentlyDa needinghan reinforcements,havde hårdt brug for forstærktninger beordrede Chauvel orderedden the8. Yeomanrynovember Mountedden beredne Yeomanry Divisiondivision backtilbage totil Desertdet Mountedberedne Corpsørkenkorps fromfra Barrow's Detachmentenhed in thei Tel el Khuweilfe area on 8 Novemberområdet.<ref name="Falls124n"/> The Dorset Yeomanry (6thi Mounted6. Brigade,beredne Yeomanrybrigade Mountedtilbagelagde Division)100 covered {{convert|60|mi|km}} ini løbet af 54 hourstimer. <ref>Bruce 2002 p. 144</ref><ref>Falls 1930 Vol. 2 pp. 661, 664</ref> ManyMange ofaf thede frequenthyppige counterattacksmodangreb directedmod towardsdet Desertberedne Mounted Corps,ørkenkorps wereblev againstudført themod rightdens fromhøjre thefløj foothillsfra offorbjernene theaf Judeande Hillsjudæiske heldbjerge byaf theden Seventhsyvende Ottomanosmanniske Armyarmé.<ref name="Powles143"/>
 
AEn majorstor Ottomanosmannisk rearguardbagtrop south-westsydvest offor Nejile determinedvar tofast keepbesluttet the EEFat pursuitholde awayekspeditionsstyrken fromvæk thefra watervandet fori 24 hourstimer.<ref group="Note">TheI averagegennemsnit numberblev ofhestene timesi Desertdet Mountedberedne Corpsørkenkorps horsesvandet wereen wateredgang during the advance was once everyhver 36 hourstimer. [Preston 1921 p. 316]</ref> ThePresset pressurefra ofden theberedne Anzac Mounteddivision Division with the(uden 7thden Mountedberedne Brigadenewzealandske attachedbrigade, (whilemen thei Newstedet Zealandmed Mounted7. Rifleberedne Brigadebrigade wastilknyttet) detachedtvang fromtil itssidst division)bagtroppen eventuallytil forced the rearguard toat give wayefter. However, theMen 1/1st1. Sherwood Rangers and theog 1/1st1. South Notts Hussars (7thfra Mounted7. beredne Brigadebrigade) wereblev vigorouslyudsat counterattackedfor atihærdige Mudweiwehmodangreb on theden beredne Anzac Mounteddivisions Division'shøjre rightfløj, whichsom theyde "gallantlytappert held off.modstod".<ref name="Powles143"/><ref>Massey 1919 p.42</ref>
 
TheDen beredne Anzac Mounteddivision Divisionvar (lessredet theud Newved Zealanddaggry Mounted Rifles Brigade) had ridden out at dawn towardsmod Bureir, aboutomkring 20 {{convert|12|mi|km}} north–eastnordøst offor Gaza, withmed the1. 1stog and2. 2ndlette Lightberedne Horsebrigade Brigadesside inom lineside coveringover aen front10 ofkm aboutbred {{convert|6|mi|km}}front centredmed aboutcentrum omkring Abu Dilakh withmed the7. 7thberedne Mountedbrigade Brigade ini reserve ontil thehøjre rightfor of2. thelette 2ndberedne Light Horse Brigadebrigade.<ref name="Preston 1921 pp. 50–1"/><ref name="Falls118">Falls 1930 Vol. 2 p. 118</ref> The1. 1stlette Lightberedne Horse Regimentregiment (1stfra Light1. Horselette Brigadeberedne brigade) advancedrykkede atkl. 05:5.45 towardsmod Tell en Nejile, whilemens the3. 3rdlette Lightberedne Horse Regimentregiment (1st1. Lightlette Horseberedne Brigadebrigade) remainedforblev atved Ameidat tofor guardat thedække rightden flankhøjre flanke. The5. 5thog and7. 7thlette Lightberedne Horseregiment Regimentsfra (2nd2. Lightlette Horseberedne Brigade),brigade ontil thevenstre leftrykkede advanced towardsmod Kh. Jemmame.<ref name="Falls117"/> TheDivisionen divisionred rodegennem across openåbent, rollingkuperet, treeless,bart firmmen countryfast dottedland, withsom prominentvar hillsspækket ormed bakker eller 'tels' designedsom skabt for cavalrykavaleri withmed theden Australianberedne Mountedaustralske ondivision theirtil venstre for leftsig.<ref name="Preston 1921 pp. 50–1"/><ref name="Falls118"/> InUndervejs theerobrede process,2. thelette 2ndberedne Lightbrigade Horse Brigade captured twoto gunskanoner, whichsom hadhavde heldholdt themdem uptilbage theden eveningforegående beforeaften.<ref name="Powles143"/>
 
[[FileFil:Horses at Jemmameh 8 November 1917 (AWM A02730).jpg|thumb|HorsesHeste i queue for water at blive vandet ved Jemmameh den 8. Novembernovember 1917. AmbulanceAmbulanceheste horsesog andheste theder endvar ofi theslutningen queueaf atkøen 08:kl. 8.30 wereblev wateredvandet atkl. 17:.30]]
FromFra 09:00kl. long9 columnskunne ofman retreatingse Yildirimlange Armykolonner Groupaf units,Yildirim witharmégruppens gunsenheder andmed transport,kanoner wereog seentræn movingunder northwardstilbagetrækning throughnordpå gennem Kh. el Kofkha towardsmod Jemmame. AfterEfter wateringat theirhave horsesvandet atderes heste theved Wadi Sheria, theankom 7th7. Mountedberedne Brigade,brigade arrivedved atdivisionens divisionalhovedkvarter headquarterskl. at9 09:00og andb wasblev immediatelystrakts orderedbeordret totil reinforceat theforstærke 1st1. andog 2nd2. Lightlette Horseberedne Brigadesbrigade ini the centrecentrum.<ref name="Falls117"/> AtKl. 11:00 theblev 2nd2. Lightlette Horseberedne Brigadebrigade wasudsat counter–attackedfor stronglyet onkraftigt themodangreb righti ofhøjre thesiden mountedaf infantrydet line,beredne infanteris linje nearnær Tel el Nejile, andog wasblev heldholdt uptilbage whilemens the7. 7thberedne Mountedbrigade Brigade,i incentrum thefortsatte centre,med continuedat torykke advancefrem towardsmod Bir el Jemameh. By aboutKlokken 13:00 theyhavde hadde nearlyomtrent reachednået theirderes objectivemål, whenda theyde wereblev heavilyudsat attackedfor byet thekraftigt Ottomanangreb defendersfra coveringde theosmanniske water supplystyrker, forcingder theforsvarede brigadederes backvandforsyning, andhvilket endangeringtvang itsbrigaden lefttilbage flank.og Thebragte 1stdens Lightvenstre Horseflanke. Brigade1. camelette upberedne onbrigade kom op på theden westernvestlige side ofaf theden 7th7. Mountedberedne Brigade,brigade andog drovedrev thede Ottomanosmanniske attackersangribere back,tilbage. theDe leadingforreste troopstropper offra 1st1. Lightlette Horseberedne Brigadebrigade, the3. 3rdlette Lightberedne Horse Regimentregiment, foughtkæmpede theirsig wayind intoi Bir el Jemameh/Kh Jemmame shortlylidt afterefter 15:00kl. Here15. theyHer capturederobrede thede wellsbrønde, cisternscisterne andog steamen pumpingdampdrevet plantpumpestation intactintakt, includinginklusiv theden engineeransvarshavende in chargeingeniør. WhileMens aet regiment offra the1. 1stlette Lightberedne Horsebrigade Brigadesikrede securedhøjdedragene themod highnord, groundder tohavde theudsagt north overlookingover Bir el Jemameh protectingog thedækkede areaområdet, thevandede remainderresten ofaf 7. theberedne brigade andalle thederes 7th Mounted Brigade, watered all their horsesheste.<ref name="Falls118"/><ref>Preston 1921 pp. 51–2</ref> Meanwhile,I themellemtiden 2ndindtog Light2. Horselette Brigadeberedne occupiedbrigade Tel el Nejil station afterefter darkmørkets frembud, whenda theden Ottoman53. 53rdosmanniske Division'sdivision defendershavde hadtrukket retiredsig tilbage. AlthoughSelv someom waterder wasblev foundfundet herenoget invand thei Wadi Hesi, itvar wasdet notikke possiblemuligt toat watervande thehestene horsesi ofde theenheder, outpostsom troopsdannede whichen establishednatlig aforpostlinje, night outpost line,der protectingbeskyttede Nejil.<ref name="Falls118"/><ref>Preston 1921 p. 52</ref>
 
TheDen beredne Anzac Mounteddivision Divisionhavde haderobret capturedområdet the country fromfra Nejile totil theden northnordlige bankbred of theaf wadi Jemmameh, along withforuden 300 prisonersfanger andog twoto gunskanoner.<ref name="Massey 1919 p. 43">Massey 1919 p. 43</ref> WhileMens theden Australianberedne Mountedaustralske Divisiondivisioner advancedrykkede roundfrem therundt northom sidenordsiden ofaf Huj, theirvar 4thderes Light5. Horselette Brigadeberedne inbrigade touchi withforbindelse themed Imperial Service Cavalry Brigadekavaleribrigaden (XXI21. Corpskorps) atved Beit Hanun. DuringI theløbet day,af theirdagen 3rdtog Lightden Horse3. Brigadelette capturedberedne prisonersbrigade andfanger twoog Austrianto 5.9østrigske 15 cm howitzershaubitser.<ref name="Massey 1919 p. 43"/>
 
ByOm theaftenen evening ofden 8. November,november allvar thealle Ottomande positionsosmanniske which hadstillinger, madesom uphavde theudgjort Gaza–Beersheba linelinjen hadblevet beenerobret capturedog andfjenden thevar enemy wasfuld in full retreatretræte.<ref name="Powles 1922, p. 144"/> DuringI løbet af den 8. Novembernovember therykkede EEFekspeditionsstyrken advanced13 {{convert|8|mi|km}} tofrem occupyfor aat position duei eaststilling oføst for Huj, whichsom hadhavde beenværet theosmannisk armyarméhovedkvarter headquartersog andendestation militaryfor railwayjernbanen terminuslangs of the coast linekysten. EEFEkspeditionsstyrkens artilleryartilleri waskunne then ablei tostilling getinden intoaften positionog justbeskød beforeom dark,natten tohovedvejen firenordpå during the night on the main road leading north fromfra Huj. ByOm themorgenen morning ofden 9. November,november thevar roadvejen wasoversået litteredmed with gunskanoner, limberslavetter, ammunitionammunitionsvogne wagons andog transport ofaf allenhver descriptions,slags jumbledi updynger intosammen heapsmed withdøde theirforspand teamsog shotbesætninger.<ref>Powles 1922 pp. 143–4</ref>
 
{{quote|TheSlaget battleer isi infuld full swinggang ... MyMin army ishær aller over thedet placehele, now;nu on aen front55 ofkm 35bred milesfront. IJeg amer ati thecentrum centrefor oftelegraf telegraphog andtelefonlinjerne telephonei lines,mit ingamle my old headquartershovedkvarter. IJeg havehar noendnu idea,ingen yetide whatom ourhvad capturesvi are;har buterobret, theymen willdet beer something bigmeget, whennår allalt iser collectedsamlet sammen. IJeg hear thathører, some partsat ofdele theaf battlefieldslagmarken areer carpeteddækket withmed deaddøde Turkstyrker. MyMine flyingflyvere menhar arekronede havingdage themed timeat ofbombe theirog lives;beskyde bombingde andretirerende machine gunning the retreating columnskolonner. All my staffHele wearmin happystab expressionsser ofglade countenanceud. IJeg fancytænker, thatat Kress von Kressenstein isselv nearingnærmer thesig Jaffa–Jerusalem line, himselflinjen. IJeg havehar manyfået congratulatorymange telegramslykønskningstelegrammer - fromfra thesultanen, Sultanhøjkommissæren, the High Commissioner; etcosv., etcosv. andog fromfra Generalgeneral Maude – whosom has,selv himself,har hadvundet anotheren success;ny sejr ved at Tekrit ... IJeg hearhører ofom 43 gunskanoner capturederobret indtil videre, somen far;jeg butved Idet don'tikke know,med for certainsikkerhed. WeVi oughtbør toende getmed aat få loten eventuallymasse.|AllenbyBrfev letterfra toAllenby til Lady Allenby, 8. Novembernovember 1917<ref>Hughes 2004 p. 80</ref>}}
 
HistoriansHistorikere havehar characterisedbeskrevet theforfølgelsen pursuitsom asen afejlslået failedforsøg attempt toat capturefange thede withdrawingretirerende Ottomanosmanniske forcesstyrker.<ref>Woodward 2006 p. 122</ref><ref>Paget 1994 Vol. 5 pp. 258–9</ref> ThatAt thedet XXI21. Corpskorps advancefremrykning fromfra Gaza andog thedet Desertberedne Mountedørkenkorps Corpsfremrykning advance fromfra Tel eshskulle Sheria weredanne to formkæber, "twosom jaws"skulle toafskære cutog offerobre andde captureretirerende theosmanniske retreating Ottoman armiesarméer.<ref>Grainger 2006 pp. 151–2</ref> DuringI thisdenne periodperiode var der nogle heste, somesom horseskun onlyblev hadfik onevand goodnok drinken ingang four daysfire whichdage, hadhvilket ahavde seriousalvorlige effectkonsekvenser onfor theirderes conditiontilstand. So onlykun sixseks ofaf thede 11 brigadesbrigader ofi Desertdet Mountedberedne Corpsørkenkorps werevar availabletil forrådighed theved pursuitforfølgelsen, andog havingde beenhavde shortmanglet ofvand watersiden sincede leavingforlod Khalasa/Asluj/Easni onden 30/.-31. Octoberoktober, their horsesderes wereheste farvar fromlangfra fiti topform. TheDe unfitbrigader, brigadessom wereikke formedvar intoklar atil reservekamp, corpsblev andtil returnedet toreservekorps areasog wheresendt feedtilbage andtil waterområder, werehvor availableder var vand og foder til rådighed. WhenDa de var klar revivedigen, theyvar becamede availabletil asrådighed reinforcementssom asforstærkninger, theda waterder situationvar northknaphed ofpå vand i det sparsomt befolkede område nord for Hareira andog Sharia, washvor sparselyder populatedkun withvar fewnogle very deepmeget dybe brønde, lowsom ikke yieldinggav watermeget wellsvand. Yildirim Armyarmégruppens Group'staktik tacticstog tookhensyn thetil geographicde conditionsgeografiske into accountforhold. TheyDe knewvidste, thatat ifhvis theekspeditionsstyrken EEFblev wasforsinket delayedi moremere thanend 48 hourstimer withoutuden watervand itmåtte theforfølgelsen pursuitindstilles wouldaf haveden togrund, stop soder strongblev rearguardsetableret werestærke establishedbagtropper, to allowderes theirinfanteri infantrykunne totrække withdrawsig welltilbage aheadet ofgodt thestykke slowerforan Britishdet infantrylangsommere britiske infanteri. TheEkspeditionsstyrkens EEFstyrker forcesholdt perseveredud in spitetrods ofaf thede longlange marchesmarcher onmed verysparsomt limitedfoder forageog andvand water, toog attackangreb theuophørligt Ottomande forcesosmanniske relentlesslystyrker.<ref>Veterinary History pp. 204–5</ref><ref>Powles 1922 pp. 133–4</ref>
 
=== Manoeuvre warfare armaments ===