Skt. Patricks dag
Sankt Patricks dag, forkortet Skt. Patricks dag (irsk: Lá Fhéile Pádraig), er en religiøs og kulturel helligdag, der afholdes d. 17. marts, der er den traditionelle dødsdag for skt. Patrick (ca. 385-461), og Irlands fremmeste skytshelgen.
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Skt Patricks dag blev gjort til en officiel kristen helgendag i 1600-tallet, og den afholdes i den romerskkatolske krike, Den anglikanske kirke (særligt Church of Ireland),[1] og ortodokse kirke og den lutheranske kirke. Dagens mindste sankt Patrick, og Kristendommens ankomst til Irland, og derudover fejrer den irske kultr og kulturarv generelt.[2][3] Fejringer involverer offentlige parader og festivaller, céilithe, og folk er iført grønt tøj eller er dekoreret med shamrock.[4] Det fejres særligt på irske pubber. Nogle kristne går også til udstjenester.[3][5] Historisk har fasteregler for indtagelse af mad og alkohol været ophævet denne dag, hvilket har gjort helligdagens ofte løssupne fester mulige.[3][4][6][7]
Skt. Patricks dag er en offentlig helligdag og nationaldag i Irland,[8] Nordirland,[9] den canadiske provins Newfoundland and Labrador (for statsansatte), og for Storbritanniens oversøiske territorium Montserrat. Dagen bliver dog også fejret steder med mange irske emmigranter eller efterkommere af irere som Storbritannien,[10] Canada, USA, Australien, New Zealand og South Africa.[11] Skt. Patricks dag bliver fejret i flere lande end nogen anden nationaldag.[12] Moderne fejringer er blevet meget påvirket af irske emmigranter, særligt dem der blev udviklet i Nordamerika. Der har dog også været kritik af Skt. Patricks dag-fejringerne for at være blevet for kommercieliserede og for at give negative stereotyper associationer til irlændere.[13]
Referencer
redigér- ^ "St Patrick's Day celebrations". Church of Ireland. The Irish Times. 12 marts 2011. Arkiveret fra originalen 15 maj 2011. Hentet 17 marts 2013 – via ireland.anglican.org.
{{cite web}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ Ritschel, Chelsea; Michallon, Clémence (17 marts 2022). "What is the meaning behind St Patrick's Day?". The Independent (English). Hentet 17 marts 2022.
The day of celebration, which marks the day of St Patrick’s death, is a religious holiday meant to celebrate the arrival of Christianity in Ireland, and made official by the Catholic Church in the early 17th century. Observed by the Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Lutheran Church, the day was typically observed with services, feasts and alcohol.
{{cite web}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) CS1-vedligeholdelse: Ukendt sprog (link) - ^ a b c Willard Burgess Moore (1989). Circles of Tradition: Folk Arts in Minnesota. Minnesota Historical Society Press. s. 52. ISBN 9780873512398. Hentet 13 november 2010.
In nineteenth-century America it became a celebration of Irishness, more than a religious occasion, though attending Mass continues as an essential part of the day.
{{cite book}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ a b Willard Burgess Moore (1989). Circles of Tradition: Folk Arts in Minnesota. Minnesota Historical Society Press. s. 52. ISBN 9780873512398. Hentet 13 november 2010.
The religious occasion did involve the wearing of shamrocks, an Irish symbol of the Holy Trinity, and the lifting of Lenten restrictions on drinking.
{{cite book}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ Barth, Edna (2001). Shamrocks, Harps, and Shillelaghs: The Story of the St. Patrick's Day Symbols. Sandpiper. s. 7. ISBN 0618096515. Arkiveret fra originalen 21 november 2015. Hentet 13 november 2010.
For most Irish-Americans, this holiday (from holy day) is partially religious but overwhelmingly festive. For most Irish people in Ireland the day has little to do with religion at all and St. Patrick's Day church services are followed by parades and parties, the latter being the best attended. The festivities are marked by Irish music, songs, and dances.
{{cite book}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ Nagle, John (2009). Multiculturalism's Double-Bind. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-754-67607-2. Arkiveret fra originalen 19 august 2020. Hentet 13 november 2010.
Like many other forms of carnival, St. Patrick's Day is a feast day, a break from Lent in which adherents are allowed to temporarily abandon rigorous fasting by indulging the forbidden. Since alcohol is often proscribed during Lent the copious consumption of alcohol is seen as an integral part of St. Patrick's day.
{{cite book}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ James Terence Fisher (2007). Communion of Immigrants: A History of Catholics in America. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199842254. Arkiveret fra originalen 6 oktober 2015. Hentet 13 november 2010.
The 40-day period (not counting Sundays) prior to Easter is known as Lent, a time of prayer and fasting. Pastors of Irish-American parishes often supplied "dispensations" for St. Patrick s Day, enabling parishioners to forego Lenten sacrifices in order to celebrate the feast of their patron saint.
{{cite book}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ "Public holidays in Ireland". Citizens Information Board. Arkiveret fra originalen 17 november 2010. Hentet 13 november 2010.
There is only one place outside of Ireland that celebrates St. Patrick's Day as a national public holiday: the island of Montserrat. The small pear-shaped island is about 40 square miles and is located just south of Antigua. It's known as the Emerald Isle of the Caribbean.
{{cite web}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ "Bank holidays". NI Direct. Arkiveret fra originalen 22 november 2010. Hentet 13 november 2010.
{{cite web}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ Ritschel, Chelsea (17 marts 2019). "St Patrick's Day 2019: When is it and where can I celebrate?". The Independent. Arkiveret fra originalen 23 april 2019. Hentet 26 november 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link) - ^ "St Patrick's Day – Department of Foreign Affairs". www.dfa.ie.
- ^ Cronin, Mike; Adair, Daryl (2002). The Wearing of the Green: A History of St. Patrick's Day. Routledge. s. 242. ISBN 978-0-415-18004-7.
- ^ Varin, Andra. "The Americanization of St. Patrick's Day". ABC News. Arkiveret fra originalen 17 april 2020. Hentet 17 marts 2020.
{{cite web}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link)
Eksterne henvisninger
redigér- Saint Patrick's Day History – slideshow af The Huffington Post
- Saint Patricks Dag på The History Channel
