flagg

Laos:

Kilde: Christopher Robbins. Air America: From WWII to Vietnam: The Explosive True Story of the Cia's Secret Airline. (Paperback – 1988). (Udgave fra 2005:) ISBN 974-8303-51-9 :

sidene: 93 95 96-9 101-5

128

ikke sidene 106 111 113 114 115


fra eng.wiki:

Xaisomboun Lao ໄຊສົມບູນ) may refer to:

pekerside.

Indtil 2006 Xaisomboun (also Saysomboun, Lao ໄຊສົມບູນ) was a special zone (khetphiset)

Xaysomboune (provins) (eller Xaisomboune) Lage in Laos

> [den] "hemmelige krig i Laos"

Laos: Lerkrukkesletten. Byen Phonsavan (town) ligger på Xieng Khouang-plateauet

Byen (town) Xieng Khouang



I 1971 var der i Laos en uofficiel militærstyrke bestående af omkring 4000 thailændere - Tahan Sua Pran (dansk: tiger-soldater);


Styrken havde omkring 350 officerer og underofficerer som «hadde taget særlig mission (special mission) udenfor deres karrierer i Thailands hær»;

Soldaterne underlagt dem, var blevet trænet af US Special Forces, i Thailand;

Soldaterne deltog i kamp mot den nordvietnamesiske hærens Z-felttog og dets titusener soldater i slaget på og rundt Lerkrukkesletten; Slaget varede i hundre dager fra 18 desember 1971;

Slaget blev vundet af hæren til Vang Pao [- en generalmajor i Armée royale du Laos], amerikansk luftstridskræfter og tiger-soldaterne.[1] [Slaget skete under regntiden; Området blev tabt (skiftede hænder) et par måneder etter slaget.]


Laos og Vietnam:

Referansen viser at broen ligger i Hanoi; broen var et viktig militært mål under krigen.

De andre viktige militære mål for flybårne bomber, under krigen; Viktigheden til Long Biên-broen i forhold til de andre viktige mål.

Long Biên-broen (Cầu Long Biên) var angiveligt en af ​​de vigtigste militære mål i Nordvietnam, under Vietnam-krigen; Broen står mellem Gia Lam og Hanoi.[2] :

" Human Shields at the Long Bien Bridge in Hanoi * DOD Target JCS-12 - A number of intellingence sources told US officials that America POWs were being used as shields at another important target located down the Red River from the Yen Phu power plant in Hanoi. This target was the 5,532-foot-long steel and concrete rail/highway bridge spanning the river between Hanoi and Gia Lam. ... The bridge , which the Vietnamese calle the Long Bien Bridge for the tiny hamlet at its western terminus, funneled all rail traffic from China and the port of Haiphong into Hanoi and on to points south. It was considered among the most important military targets in North Vietnam."

søkeord: bridge prison

Skabelon.

Hmong-folket i Laos redigér

"... USA ... where I spent much of the next month ... to meet with United Nations and US government officials. I was joined by filmmakers Ruhi Hamad and Misha Maltsev who also recently [as of 2009] returned from the jungles of Laos on assignment with the BBC to document the Hmong's secret war. ... Backed by both FFC and Amnesty International, Ruhi and I briefed a United Nations Panel ... in early June 2004 on the plight of the Hmong and delivered their pleas for help. While the group that Ruhi and Misha visited were in a different province of Laos, Borikhamsay, the condition of the people was equally miserable and their leaders asked the same of Ruhi and Misha as Yang Thua Thao and Moua Thoua Ther had asked of me: for salvation. What these leaders wanted, and what Ruhi and I relayed to the UN, was to surrender under the eyes of international monitors to guarantee their safety", skrev Nelson Rand i 2009.[3]

Nevnte kilde:

sidene 140 142-3 146-52 154-5 157-63 165 166 169-71 173-5 178-9 181-3 190-3

Kina redigér

 

Ch'ung-ch'ing - en "kommune". simplificeret kinesisk: 重庆, pinyin: Chóngqìng. Wade-Giles. 重慶.

Kilder redigér

Kildehenvisninger redigér

  1. ^ http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/special-reports/1077984/cia-spook-recalls-thailands-role-in-secret-war Besøgt i 2016
  2. ^ An Enormous Crime: The Definitive Account of American POWs Abandoned in .... Af Bill Hendon og Elizabeth A. Stewart. s. 34
  3. ^ Nelson Rand. Conflict - Journeys through war and terror in Southeast Asia. 2009. Maverick House. ISBN 978-1-905379-54-5. s. 190-1