Middelhavsdiæt: Forskelle mellem versioner

Middelhavsdiæten er forbundet med en reduktion i den generelle dødelighed i [[Observationsstudie|observationsstudier]].<ref name="AACAHA2019">{{cite journal|last1=Arnett|last18=Ziaeian|volume=140|issue=11|pages=e596–e646|doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000678|pmc=7734661|pmid=30879355|doi-access=free|first18=Boback|first14=Sidney C.|first17=Joseph|title=2019 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease|last17=Yeboah|first16=Kim A.|last16=Williams|first15=Salim S.|last15=Virani|last14=Smith|first13=Daniel|last13=Muñoz|last12=Miedema|journal=Circulation|date=17 March 2019|first1=Donna K.|last6=Hahn|last2=Blumenthal|first2=Roger S.|last3=Albert|first3=Michelle A.|author-link3=Michelle Albert|last4=Buroker|first4=Andrew B.|last5=Goldberger|first5=Zachary D.|first6=Ellen J.|first11=Erin D.|last7=Himmelfarb|first7=Cheryl D.|last8=Khera|first8=Amit|last9=Lloyd-Jones|first9=Donald|last10=McEvoy|first10=J. William|last11=Michos|first12=Michael D.}}</ref> Der er nogle tegn på, at middelhavskosten sænker risikoen for [[Hjerte-kar-sygdom|hjertesygdomme]] og tidlig død; dog fastslog en gennemgang i 2019, at beviserne var af lav kvalitet og forbundet med usikkerhed.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal|last1=Rees|first8=L|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD009825.pub3|pmc=6414510|pmid=30864165|issn=1469-493X|issue=3|date=2019-03-13|volume=2019|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|title=Mediterranean-style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.|first9=S|last9=Stranges|last8=Hartley|first1=K|first7=A|last7=Das|first6=A|last6=Vepa|first5=D|last5=Wijesekara|first4=L|last4=Ellis|first3=N|last3=Martin|first2=A|last2=Takeda|page=CD009825}}</ref><ref name="Dinu2017">{{cite journal|last1=Dinu|first1=M|last2=Pagliai|first2=G|last3=Casini|first3=A|last4=Sofi|first4=F|title=Mediterranean diet and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies and randomised trials|journal=European Journal of Clinical Nutrition|date=10 May 2017|pages=30-43|pmid=28488692|doi:10.1038/ejcn.2017.58|volume=72|issue=1|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Koloverou|first1=E|last2=Esposito|first2=K|last3=Giugliano|first3=D|last4=Panagiotakos|first4=D|title=The effect of Mediterranean diet on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of 10 prospective studies and 136,846 participants.|journal=Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental|date=July 2014|volume=63|issue=7|pages=903–11|pmid=24931280|doi=10.1016/j.metabol.2014.04.010}}</ref> [[American Heart Association]] og [[American Diabetes Association]] anbefaler middelhavsdiæten som et sundt spisemønster, der muligvis kan reducere risikoen for [[kardiovaskulære sygdomme]] og [[type 2 diabetes]].<ref name="AHA2016">{{cite journal|last1=Van Horn|title=Recommended Dietary Pattern to Achieve Adherence to the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) Guidelines: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.|first11=M|last12=Wylie-Rosett|first12=J|last13=Kris-Etherton|first13=P|last14=American Heart Association Nutrition Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Stroke Council|journal=Circulation|first10=RJ|date=29 November 2016|volume=134|issue=22|pages=e505–e529|doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000462|pmid=27789558|s2cid=37889352|last11=Vos|last10=Thomas|first1=L|last5=Economos|last2=Carson|first2=JA|last3=Appel|first3=LJ|last4=Burke|first4=LE|first5=C|first9=RK|last6=Karmally|first6=W|last7=Lancaster|first7=K|last8=Lichtenstein|first8=AH|last9=Johnson|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ADA2018">{{cite journal|last1=Evert|journal=Diabetes Care|last12=Uelmen|first12=Sacha|last13=Urbanski|first13=Patricia B.|last14=Yancy|first14=William S.|title=Nutrition Therapy for Adults With Diabetes or Prediabetes: A Consensus Report|date=May 2019|last11=Saslow|volume=42|issue=5|pages=731–754|doi=10.2337/dci19-0014|pmid=31000505|pmc=7011201|type=Professional society guidelines|first11=Laura|first10=Shamera|first1=Alison B.|first5=Ka Hei Karen|last2=Dennison|first2=Michelle|last3=Gardner|first3=Christopher D.|last4=Garvey|first4=W. Timothy|last5=Lau|last6=MacLeod|last10=Robinson|first6=Janice|last7=Mitri|first7=Joanna|last8=Pereira|first8=Raquel F.|last9=Rawlings|first9=Kelly|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="ADA2019">{{cite journal|author=American Diabetes Association|title=5. Lifestyle Management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019|journal=Diabetes Care|date=January 2019|volume=42|issue=Suppl 1|pages=S46–S60|doi=10.2337/dc19-S005|pmid=30559231|doi-access=free}}</ref> Middelhavsdiæten kan måske hjælpe med vægttab hos [[Fedme|fede mennesker]].<ref name="pallaz">{{cite journal|last1=Pallazola|first9=Donna K.|pmid=31485563|pages=251–267|doi=10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2019.05.001|issn=2542-4548|year=2019|issue=3|volume=3|journal=Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes|title=A Clinician's Guide to Healthy Eating for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention|first11=Francine K.|last11=Welty|first10=Neil J.|last10=Stone|last9=Arnett|first1=Vincent A.|first8=Roger S.|last8=Blumenthal|first7=Sudipa|last7=Sarkar|first6=Erin D.|last6=Michos|first5=Jacqueline M.|last5=Latina|first4=Rhanderson|last4=Cardoso|first3=Seamus P.|last3=Whelton|first2=Dorothy M.|last2=Davis|pmc=6713921}}</ref> Middelhavsdiæten er også at finde blandt de tre [[Sund kost|sunde diæter]] anbefalet af de amerikanske kostvejledninger fra 2015-2020, der også inkluderer [[DASH-diæt|DASH-diæten]] eller en [[Vegetarisme|vegetarisk kost]].<ref name="USDietaryGuidelines2015">{{cite web|title=2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans|url=https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/|publisher=Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|access-date=7 November 2019|date=7 November 2019|type=National guidelines}}</ref>