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Hver soldat accepterede, at man ventede at tjene stoisk som en del af deres ''[[bushido]]'', der var repræsenteret i ideen om "død før vanære". [[Sadao Araki]], en hærteoretiker, udformede den moderne tilpasning til ''bushido''-kodeks som et ''[[Seishin Kyoiku]]'' (åndelig uddannelse)-doktrin for hæren. Som sådan, ville hver soldat efterlade alt bagefter, når man går ind i tjeneste, så man ikke har brug for andet end æren. Faktisk betød ære, som var repræsenteret ved navn og ansigt, alt for soldaterne. ''[[Yamato-damashii]]'' er en gammel japansk ånd af selvstolthed og vedholdenhed over for alvorlig fare, en slags [[Mod (følelse)|mod]].
 
Bundet sammen med konceptet om ''Bushido'', var en enorm, religiøs respekt for kejseren. Skønt der under [[Meiji-perioden|Meiji]] og [[Taishō-perioden|Taishō]]-perioderne, var kejseren praktisk talt en kransekagefigur. Den reelle magt blev holdt af bureaukrater under ham, men han blev stadig betragtet som en guddommelig figur. I teorien gik den øverstkommanderende, kejseren, normalt med til hvad regeringen "bad" ham at gøre. Kejseren havde den øverstbefalende uniform, og der blev gjort honnør af den kejserlige styrker på alle ceremonielle funktioner, der involverer den Kejserlige japanske hærs styrker.
 
På det tidspunkt kunne den kejserlige regering kun mobilisere militæret, hvis ministre kom til en enstemmig enighed om ordren. Kejserens rolle lå i at give sin velsignelse til at udføre og binde sådanne ordrer. Da kejseren var forpligtet til at være til stede ved alle kejserlige regeringsmøder for at beslutninger kan være bindende. Kejseren overværede tavst samtlige officielle argumenter med ministrene. Hvis hans velsignelse blev givet, efter en overenskomst mellem ministrene, blev disse anmodninger ordre fra kejseren, som ville blive håndhævet over folket i Japan.
 
Tied in with this concept of Bushido was immense, religious respect for the Emperor. Although during [[Meiji era|Meiji]] and [[Taishō period|Taishō]] eras, the Emperor was practically a figurehead, with the real power being held by the bureaucrats underneath him, he was still considered a divine figure. In theory the commander in chief, the Emperor usually went along with whatever the government "asked" him to do. The Emperor wore the commander-in-chief's uniform, and was saluted by the Imperial Forces, at all ceremonial functions involving the IJA forces.
 
At the time, the Imperial government could only mobilize the military if the cabinet ministers came to a unanimous consensus on the order. The role of the Emperor lay in giving his blessing to execute and bind such orders. Since the Emperor was required to be present at all Imperial government meetings for their decision to be binding, The Emperor silently observed all the official arguments made by the ministers. Presuming his blessing was given, after an agreement of the ministers, these requests became the orders of the Emperor, enforceable upon the people of Japan.
 
== Den kejserlige japanske hærs tilvækst ==
Line 252 ⟶ 250:
{{reflist|2}}
 
==References Referencer ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Bix |fornavn=Herbert |år=2000 |titel=Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan |udgiver=[[HarperCollinsPublishers]] |sted=New York |ref=refBix |sprog=engelsk}}
| last = Bix
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Drea |fornavn=Edward J. |år=1998 |titel=In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army |udgiver=[[University of Nebraska Press]] |sted=Nebraska |id=ISBN 0-8032-1708-0 |sprog=engelsk}}
| first = Herbert
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Drea |fornavn=Edward J. |år=2009 |titel=Japan's Imperial Army: Its Rise and Fall, 1853-1945 |udgiver=[[University Press of Kansas]] |sted=Lawrence, Kansas |id=ISBN 0-8032-1708-0 |sprog=engelsk}}
| authorlink =
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Gilmore |fornavn=Allison B. |år=1998 |titel=You Can't Fight Tanks with Bayonets: Psychological Warfare against the Japanese Army in the South West Pacific |udgiver=University of Nebraska Press |sted=Lincoln, Nebraska |ref=refGilmore |sprog=engelsk}}
| coauthors =
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Harries |fornavn=Meirion |medforfattere=Susie Harries |år=1994 |titel=Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army |udgiver=[[Random House]] |sted=New York |id=ISBN 0-679-75303-6 |sprog=engelsk}}
| year = 2000
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Hayashi |fornavn=Saburo |medforfattere=Alvin D. Cox |år=1959 |titel=Kogun: The Japanese Army in the Pacific War |udgiver=The Marine Corps Association |sted=Quantico, VA |sprog=engelsk}}
| chapter =
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Humphreys |fornavn=Leonard A. |år=1996 |titel=The Way of the Heavenly Sword: The Japanese Army in the 1920's |udgiver=[[Stanford University Press]] |id=ISBN 0-8047-2375-3 |sprog=engelsk}}
| title = Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Jowett |fornavn=Philip |år=2002 |titel=The Japanese Army 1931–45 (1) |udgiver=Osprey Publishing |sted=Botley, Oxford |id=ISBN 1841763535 |sprog=engelsk}}
| publisher = [[HarperCollinsPublishers]]
* {{kilde bog |efternavn=Kelman |fornavn=Richard |medforfattere=Leo J. Daugherty |år=2002 |titel=Fighting Techniques of a Japanese Infantryman in World War II: Training, Techniques and Weapons |udgiver=Zenith Imprint |id=ISBN 0-7603-1145-5 |ref=refKelman |sprog=engelsk}}
| location = New York
{{refend}}
| isbn =
| ref = refBix
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Drea
| first = Edward J.
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1998
| chapter =
| title = In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army
| publisher = [[University of Nebraska Press]]
| location = Nebraska
| isbn = 0-8032-1708-0
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Drea
| first = Edward J.
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 2009
| chapter =
| title = Japan's Imperial Army: Its Rise and Fall, 1853-1945
| publisher = [[University Press of Kansas]]
| location = Lawrence, Kansas
| isbn = 0-8032-1708-0
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Gilmore
| first = Allison B.
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1998
| chapter =
| title = You Can't Fight Tanks with Bayonets: Psychological Warfare against the Japanese Army in the South West Pacific
| publisher = University of Nebraska Press
| location = Lincoln, Nebraska
| isbn =
| ref = refGilmore
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Harries
| first = Meirion
| authorlink =
| coauthors = Susie Harries
| year = 1994
| chapter =
| title = Soldiers of the Sun: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Japanese Army
| publisher = [[Random House]]
| location = New York
| isbn = 0-679-75303-6
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Hayashi
| first = Saburo
| authorlink =
| coauthors = Alvin D. Cox
| year = 1959
| chapter =
| title = Kogun: The Japanese Army in the Pacific War
| publisher = The Marine Corps Association
| location = Quantico, VA
| id =
}}
*{{cite book
| last = Humphreys
| first = Leonard A.
| authorlink =
| coauthors =
| year = 1996
| chapter =
| title = The Way of the Heavenly Sword: The Japanese Army in the 1920's
| publisher = [[Stanford University Press]]
| location =
| isbn = 0-8047-2375-3
}}
* {{cite book|last=Jowett|first=Philip|title=The Japanese Army 1931–45 (1)|year=2002|publisher=Osprey Publishing|location=Botley, Oxford|isbn=1841763535}}
* {{cite book
| last = Kelman
| first = Richard
| authorlink =
| coauthors = Leo J. Daugherty
| year = 2002
| chapter =
| title = Fighting Techniques of a Japanese Infantryman in World War II: Training, Techniques and Weapons
| publisher = Zenith Imprint
| location =
| isbn = 0-7603-1145-5
| ref = refKelman
}}
 
==External links==
{{Commons category|Imperial Japanese Army}}
* [http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=890 Axis History Factbook—Imperial Japanese Army (IJA)]
* [http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/ Overview of Imperial Japanese Army weapons and armaments in World War II]
* [http://mailer.fsu.edu/~akirk/tanks/japan/warposters/JapaneseWarposters.html Japanese war posters]
* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/pacific/index.html The PBS program "Victory in the Pacific."]
* [http://www.ija3platoon.com/ Imperial Japanese Army 3rd Platoon reenactor's resource]
*{{cite web
| last = Chen
| first = Peter
| url = http://ww2db.com/person_bio.php?person_id=339&list=Ground
| title = Horii, Tomitaro
| work = WW2 Database
}}
 
== Eksterne links ==
{{JapanEmpireNavbox}}
{{commonscat|Imperial Japanese Army}}
* [http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=890 {{en sprog}} Axis History Factbook—Imperial Japanese Army (IJA)]
* [http://www3.plala.or.jp/takihome/ {{en sprog}} Overview of Imperial Japanese Army weapons and armaments in World War II]
* [http://mailer.fsu.edu/~akirk/tanks/japan/warposters/JapaneseWarposters.html {{en sprog}} Japanese war posters]
* [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/pacific/index.html {{en sprog}} The PBS program "Victory in the Pacific."]
* [http://www.ija3platoon.com/ {{en sprog}} Imperial Japanese Army 3rd Platoon reenactor's resource]
*{{kilde www |efternavn=Chen |fornavn=Peter |url=http://ww2db.com/person_bio.php?person_id=339&list=Ground |titel={{en sprog}} Horii, Tomitaro |arbejde=WW2 Database}}
 
[[Kategori:Japans militær]]
[[Category:Imperial Japanese Army| ]]
[[Kategori:Hære]]
[[Category:Disbanded armies|Japan]]
[[CategoryKategori:EmpireEtableret ofi Japan1868]]
[[Kategori:Ophørt i 1945]]
[[Category:1868 establishments in Japan]]
[[Category:1945 disestablishments]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1868]]
 
[[ar:جيش اليابان الإمبراطوري]]
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