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Germanske sprog: Forskelle mellem versioner

Gennemse historikken interaktivt
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Medium er bevaret i gotisk, men de andre germanske dialekter har kun en særlig form for aktiv, idet passiv udtrykkes med omskrivninger i stil med ''han bliver slået'', ''er wird geschlagen'', ''he is beaten''. Den særlige nordiske passiv på ''-s'' er opstået senere ved en sammensmeltning med pronomenet ''sig'': ''hann kallar sik'' > ''hann kallask'' > ''han kaldes''.
 
== Leksikalsk sammenligningstabel ==
 
 
<table border = "1">
<tr>
<td>[[Engelsk]]</td>
<td>[[Skotsk]]</td>
<td>[[Afrikaans]]</td>
<td>[[Nederlandsk]]</td>
<td>[[Tysk]]</td>
<td>[[Jiddisch]]</td>
<td>[[Gutnisk]]</td>
<td>[[Islandsk]]</td>
<td>[[Færøsk]]</td>
<td>[[Svensk]]</td><td>[[Dansk]]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Apple</td>
<td>Aiple</td>
<td>Appel</td>
<td>Appel</td>
<td>Apfel</td>
<td>עפּל (Epl)</td>
<td>Aplus</td>
<td>Epli</td>
<td>Súrepli</td>
<td>Äpple</td>
<td>Æble</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Board</td>
<td>Buird</td>
<td>Bord</td>
<td>Bord</td>
<td>Brett</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Baúrd</td>
<td>Borð</td>
<td>Borð</td>
<td>Bord</td>
<td>Bræt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Book</td>
<td>Beuk</td>
<td>Boek</td>
<td>Boek</td>
<td>Buch</td>
<td>בוך (Buḫ)</td>
<td>Bóka</td>
<td>Bók</td>
<td>Bók</td>
<td>Bok</td>
<td>Bog</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Breast</td>
<td>Breest</td>
<td>Bors</td>
<td>Borst</td>
<td>Brust</td>
<td>ברוסט (Brust)</td>
<td>Brusts</td>
<td>Brjóst</td>
<td>Bróst</td>
<td>Bröst</td>
<td>Bryst</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Brown</td>
<td>Broun</td>
<td>Bruin</td>
<td>Bruin</td>
<td>Braun</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Bruns</td>
<td>Brúnn</td>
<td>Brúnt</td>
<td>Brun</td>
<td>Brun</td>
</tr>
</tr>
<td>Can</td>
<td>Kan</td>
<td>Kan</td>
<td>Kan</td>
<td>Kann</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Dos</td>
<td>Dos</td>
<td>Kan</td>
<td>Kan</td>
<tr>
</tr>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Day</td>
<td>Day</td>
<td>Dag</td>
<td>Dag</td>
<td>Tag</td>
<td>טאָג (Tog)</td>
<td>Dags</td>
<td>Dagur</td>
<td>Dagur</td>
<td>Dag</td>
<td>Dag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Die</td>
<td>Dee</td>
<td>Sterf</td>
<td>Sterven</td>
<td>Sterben</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Diwan</td>
<td>Deyja</td>
<td>Doyggja</td>
<td>Dö</td>
<td>Dø</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Has</td>
<td>Has</td>
<td>Heeft</td>
<td>Heeft</td>
<td>Hat</td>
<td>גענוג (hat)</td>
<td></td>
<td>Hefur</td>
<td>Hefur</td>
<td>Har</td>
<td>Har</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Give</td>
<td>Gie</td>
<td>Gee</td>
<td>Geven</td>
<td>Geben</td>
<td>געבן (Gebn)</td>
<td>Giban</td>
<td>Gefa</td>
<td>Geva</td>
<td>Giva/Ge</td>
<td>Give</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Glass</td>
<td>Gless</td>
<td>Glas</td>
<td>Glas</td>
<td>Glas</td>
<td>גלאָז (Gloz)</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Gler</td>
<td>Glas</td>
<td>Glas</td>
<td>Glas</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Gold</td>
<td>Gowd</td>
<td>Goud</td>
<td>Goud</td>
<td>Gold</td>
<td>גאָלד (Gold)</td>
<td>Gulþ</td>
<td>Gull</td>
<td>Gull</td>
<td>Guld</td>
<td>Guld</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hand</td>
<td>Haund</td>
<td>Hand</td>
<td>Hand</td>
<td>Hand</td>
<td>האַנט (Hant)</td>
<td>Handus</td>
<td>Hönd</td>
<td>Hond</td>
<td>Hand</td>
<td>Hånd</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Head</td>
<td>Heid</td>
<td>Kop</td>
<td>Hoofd/Kop</td>
<td>Haupt/Kopf</td>
<td>קאָפּ (Kop)</td>
<td>Háubiþ</td>
<td>Höfuð</td>
<td>Høvd/Høvur</td>
<td>Huvud</td>
<td>Hoved</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>High</td>
<td>Heich</td>
<td>Hoog</td>
<td>Hoog</td>
<td>Hoch</td>
<td>הױך (Hoyḫ)</td>
<td>Háuh</td>
<td>Hár</td>
<td>Høg/ur</td>
<td>Hög</td>
<td>Høj</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Home</td>
<td>Hame</td>
<td>Huis</td>
<td>Thuis</td>
<td>Heim</td>
<td>הײם (Heym)</td>
<td>Háimóþ</td>
<td>Heim</td>
<td>Heim</td>
<td>Hem</td>
<td>Hjem</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hook</td>
<td>Heuk</td>
<td>Haak</td>
<td>Haak</td>
<td>Haken</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Krókur</td>
<td>Haken</td>
<td>Hake</td>
<td>Hage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>House</td>
<td>Hoose</td>
<td>Huis</td>
<td>Huis</td>
<td>Haus</td>
<td>הױז (Hoyz)</td>
<td>Hús</td>
<td>Hús</td>
<td>Hús</td>
<td>Hus</td>
<td>Hus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Many</td>
<td>Mony</td>
<td>Menige</td>
<td>Menig</td>
<td>Mehrere</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Manags</td>
<td>Margir</td>
<td>Nógv</td>
<td>Många</td>
<td>Mange</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Moon</td>
<td>Muin</td>
<td>Maan</td>
<td>Maan</td>
<td>Mond</td>
<td><!--לבֿנה (Levone)-->&nbsp;</td>
<td>Ména</td>
<td>Tungl</td>
<td>Máni</td>
<td>Måne</td>
<td>Måne</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Night</td>
<td>Nicht</td>
<td>Nag</td>
<td>Nacht</td>
<td>Nacht</td>
<td>נאַכט (Naḫt)</td>
<td>Nahts</td>
<td>Nótt</td>
<td>Nátt</td>
<td>Natt</td>
<td>Nat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>No</td>
<td>Nae</td>
<td>Nee</td>
<td>Nee</td>
<td>Nein/Nö</td>
<td>נײן (Neyn)</td>
<td>Né</td>
<td>Nei</td>
<td>Nei</td>
<td>Nej</td>
<td>Nej</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Old</td>
<td>Auld</td>
<td>Oud</td>
<td>Oud</td>
<td>Alt</td>
<td>אַלט (Alt)</td>
<td>Sineigs</td>
<td>Gamall</td>
<td>Gamal/Gomul</td>
<td>Gammal</td>
<td>Gammel</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>One</td>
<td>Ane</td>
<td>Een</td>
<td>Een</td>
<td>Eins</td>
<td>אײן (Eyn)</td>
<td>Áins</td>
<td>Einn</td>
<td>Ein</td>
<td>En/ett</td>
<td>En</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ounce</td>
<td>Unce</td>
<td>Ons</td>
<td>Ons</td>
<td>Unze</td>
<td></td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Únsa</td>
<td>&nbsp;</td>
<td>Uns</td>
<td>Unse</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Snow</td>
<td>Snaw</td>
<td>Sneeu</td>
<td>Sneeuw</td>
<td>Schnee</td>
<td>שנײ (&#X160;ney)</td>
<td>Snáiws</td>
<td>Snjór</td>
<td>Kavi</td>
<td>Snö</td>
<td>Sne</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Stone</td>
<td>Stane</td>
<td>Steen</td>
<td>Steen</td>
<td>Stein</td>
<td>שטײן (&#X160;teyn)</td>
<td>Stáins</td>
<td>Steinn</td>
<td>Steinur</td>
<td>Sten</td>
<td>Sten</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>That</td>
<td>That</td>
<td>Dit</td>
<td>Dat</td>
<td>Das</td>
<td>דאָס (Dos)</td>
<td>Þata</td>
<td>Þetta</td>
<td>Hatta</td>
<td>Det</td>
<td>Det</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Two</td>
<td>Twa</td>
<td>Twee</td>
<td>Twee</td>
<td>Zwei/Zwo</td>
<td>צװײ (Ẓvey)</td>
<td>Twái</td>
<td>Tveir</td>
<td>Tveir</td>
<td>Två</td>
<td>To</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Who</td>
<td>Wha</td>
<td>Wie</td>
<td>Wie</td>
<td>Wer</td>
<td>װער (Ver)</td>
<td>Has</td>
<td>Hver</td>
<td>Hvør</td>
<td>Vem</td>
<td>Hvem</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Worm</td>
<td>Wirm</td>
<td>Wurm</td>
<td>Worm</td>
<td>Wurm</td>
<td>װאָרעם (Vorem)</td>
<td>Maþa</td>
<td>Maðkur, Ormur</td>
<td>Ormur</td>
<td>Mask, Orm</td>
<td>Orm</td>
</tr>
</table>
 
== Oversigt over germanske sprog ==
Hentet fra "https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanske_sprog"