Bruger:Brol/sandkasse: Forskelle mellem versioner
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Brol (diskussion | bidrag) No edit summary |
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Konstitutionen i 1855 gav New South Wales et [[tokammersystem]]. Det eksisterende Lovgivende Råd blev til overhuset og et nyt kammer kaldet Legislative Assembly blev til underhuset.<ref name="Towards responsible government">{{cite web|publisher=Parliament of New South Wales|date=2014|url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/web/common.nsf/key/HistoryTowardsResponsibleGovernment|title=Towards responsible government|accessdate=17. august 2014}}</ref> Et Udøvende Råd blev oprettet bestående af 5 medlemmer fra den Lovgivende forsamling samt guvernøren.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Parliament of New South Wales|date=2014|url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/web/common.nsf/key/HistoryResponsibleGovernment|title=Responsible government and colonial development|accessdate=17. august 2014}}</ref> Rådet havde til opgave at rådgive den siddende guvernør i sager om statens administration. De andre bosættelser i Australien blev udskilt fra New South Wales og dannede deres egen regeringer. [[Tasmanien]] blev udskilt i 1825, [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] i 1850 og [[Queensland]] i 1859.<ref name="Towards responsible government"/> Med proklameringen af Forbundsstaten Australien i 1901 blev status for de lokale råd i Sydney formaliseret, og de blev separeret fra staten New South Wales.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Parliament of New South Wales|date=2014|url=http://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/prod/web/common.nsf/key/HistoryTowardsFederation|title=Towards federation|accessdate=17. august 2014}}</ref>
[[City of Sydney]] blev oprettet i 1842, og omfattede den gang hele byen.
=== Hovedstad i New South Wales ===
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=== Bystyre ===
Der er ingen overordnet administrativ enhed, som svarer til hele Sydney. Overordnet styring ligger hos regeringen i New South Wales' regering, der er ansvarlig for hovedveje, trafikkontrol, offentlig transport, politi, uddannelse og større infrastruktur.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Australian Electoral Commission|date=2014|url=http://www.aec.gov.au/About_AEC/Publications/Fact_Sheets/three_lvls.htm|title=Three levels of government|accessdate=27. juli 2014}}</ref> Sydney er - som hele Australien - inddelt i [[Lokalregering (Australien)|lokalregeringsområder]] (også kaldet ''councils'', ''cities'', ''municapilities'' eller ''shires''). Disse lokalregeringsområder har valgte råd, som er ansvarlige for de opgaver, der delegeres til dem fra regeringen i New South Wales.
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* [[Bayside Council|Bayside]]
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* [[Municipality of Woollahra|Woollahra]]
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Tidligere var der en tendens til at delstatsregeringen modsatte sig en sammenlægning af de befolkningsrige lokalregeringsområder i Sydney, fordi det ville rykke magtbalancen mellem delstatsregeringen og lokalregeringerne.<ref>{{cite book|last=Golder|first=Hilary|year=2004|title=Sacked: removing and remaking the Sydney City Council}}</ref> En større reform i NSW i 2016 reducerede dog antallet af lokalregeringsområder i Sydney og resten af delstaten.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/pdf/asmade/sl-2016-242|title=New South WalesLocal Government (Council Amalgamations) Proclamation 2016|date=|website=|access-date=18. december 2020}}</ref> Målsætningen for reformen var, at et lokalregeringsområde skulle have en befolkning på 150.000, så den kunne opretholde et tilstrækkeligt højt service niveaul.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://legislation.nsw.gov.au/view/pdf/asmade/sl-2016-242|title=NSW councils to merge under State Government plan for forced amalgamations; 2016 elections delayed|date=18. december 2020|website=|access-date=}}</ref> De mest befolkningningsrige lokalregeringsområder i Sydney er Canterbury-Bankstown (368.000), Blacktown (357.000) og Northern Beaches (269.000).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://population.com.au/lga/|title=The population of Local Government Areas|date=|website=|access-date=19. december 2020}}</ref>
City of Sydney (233.000) dækker byens centrum, og borgmesteren har titlen [[Lord Mayor of Sydney|Lord Mayor]]. Tidligere blev denne anset for at repræsentere hele byen.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|publisher=State Records|date=2014|url=http://investigator.records.nsw.gov.au/Entity.aspx?Path=%5COrganisation%5C21|title=Organisation detail|accessdate=12. oktober 2014}}</ref> Line 62 ⟶ 63:
In common with other Australian capital cities, Sydney has no single local government covering its whole area. Local government areas have responsibilities such as local roads, libraries, child care, community services and waste collection, whereas the state government retains reposnsibility for main roads, traffic control, public transport, policing, education, and major infrastructure project.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Australian Electoral Commission|date=2014|url=http://www.aec.gov.au/About_AEC/Publications/Fact_Sheets/three_lvls.htm|title=Three levels of government|accessdate=27 July 2014}}</ref>
In the past, the state has tended to resist amalgamating Sydney's more populated local government areas as merged councils could pose a threat to its governmental power.<ref>{{cite book|last=Golder|first=Hilary|year=2004|title=Sacked: removing and remaking the Sydney City Council}}</ref> Established in 1842, the City of Sydney is one such local government area and includes the CBD and some adjoining inner suburbs.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=City of Sydney|date=2005|url=http://cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/AboutSydney/documents/history/hs_chos_history_of_council_1001.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050709222141/http://cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/AboutSydney/documents/history/hs_chos_history_of_council_1001.pdf|archive-date=9 July 2005|title=History of Sydney City Council|accessdate=13 July 2014}}</ref> It is responsible for fostering development in the local area, providing local services (waste collection and recycling, libraries, parks, sporting facilities), representing and promoting the interests of residents, supporting organisations that target the local community, and attracting and providing infrastructure for commerce, tourism, and industry.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=City of Sydney|date=2014|url=http://www.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/council/about-council|title=About Council|accessdate=17 August 2014}}</ref>
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