Det arabiske talsystem: Forskelle mellem versioner
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[[Fil:Arabic numerals-en.svg|thumb|450px|Det indisk-arabiske talsystems cifre i forskellige sprogs tegn. Læg mærke til hvor ens tallene ser ud for europæisk og indisk, selvom de blev ført til Europa af araberne (se også [[kinesiske tal]])]]
Det '''indisk-arabiske talsystem''', '''arabiske talsystem''' eller '''titalssystemet''' er verdens mest udbredte [[talsystem]]. Det er opfundet af [[Indien|indere]],<ref>[http://www.csus.edu/indiv/v/vonmeierk/8-01ZE.html Chapter 8: Zeroes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929133002/http://www.csus.edu/indiv/v/vonmeierk/8-01ZE.html |date=29. september 2007 }} Citat: "...the symbol o--an abbreviation of the [[Græsk|Greek]] word ouden, "nothing"...The case of [[Nul|zero]] is special; in [[Sanskrit]], it was called shunya, "void, empty" (sometimes written sunya or shunya-bindu, "empty dot")...Our modern custom of indicating a missing word or line of verse by [[Udeladelsesprikker|a row of dots]] goes back to this Indian practice...This famous text inscribed on the wall of a small temple near [[Gvalior]] [ [[Gwalior]]?] (near Lashkar in Central India) first gives the date (AD [[870]] in our reckoning) in words and in [[Brahmi-skrift|Brahmi]] numerals...Here, in the number 270, the zero first appears as a small circle..."</ref>
formidlet til [[Vesten]] af [[araber (person)|araberne]] og i dag brugt vidt omkring i [[verden]], herunder også i [[Kina]] med en speciel udformning af de [[kinesiske tal]]. Det enestående ved indernes system er opfindelsen af tegnet [[nul]], "0", der gør det muligt at nedskrive, at en talklasse (enere, tiere, hundreder...) er tom. Erkendelsen af det tomme balancepunkt midt mellem de positive tal og de negative forudsætter en verdensforståelse, der rummer tomheden som element. I de mellemøstlige og vestlige kulturer blev verden set [[dualisme|dualistisk]], dvs. i enten godt eller ondt (+ eller ÷).
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Dog skal det bemærkes at [[maya]]indianerne var før europæerne i anvendelse af [[nul]] som ciffer i et positionstalsystem.
<ref>[http://www.fincher.org/History/World.shtml fincher.org: World History Timeline] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929021501/http://www.fincher.org/History/World.shtml |date=29. september 2007 }} Citat: "...3114 BC, Aug 13...Start of the Mayan calendar. The Mayans had 20 days in their month starting with day 0 and ending with day 19. They understood zero not only as a place holder, but as a true counting number..."</ref>
<ref>[http://members.shaw.ca/mjfinley/calnote.htm shaw.ca: Note on the Maya Calendar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070602162121/http://members.shaw.ca/mjfinley/calnote.htm |date= 2. juni 2007 }} Citat: "...Zero is usually indicated by a "shell" glyph...The long count is actually a modified base 20 number system: All periods except the tun are 20 times the previous period. The Maya used place holding arithmetic and the concept of zero before they were invented in the Old World..."</ref>
Babylonierne var dog endnu tidligere.
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== Eksterne henvisninger ==
{{Commonskat|Arabic numerals}}
* [http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/language/number.html Takasugi Shinji: Number Systems of the World] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040401203835/http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/language/number.html |date= 1. april 2004 }}
[[Kategori:Det arabiske talsystem|arabiske talsystem, Det]]
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